Published
2023-07-06
Issue
Section
Research Articles
License
The journal adopts the Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0), which means that anyone can reuse and redistribute the materials for non-commercial purposes as long as you follow the license terms and the original source is properly cited.
Author(s) shall retain the copyright of their work and grant the Journal/Publisher rights for the first publication with the work concurrently licensed since 2023 Vol.8 No.2.
Under this license, author(s) will allow third parties to download, reuse, reprint, modify, distribute and/or copy the content under the condition that the authors are given credit. No permission is required from the authors or the publisher.
This broad license intends to facilitate free access, as well as the unrestricted use of original works of all types. This ensures that the published work is freely and openly available in perpetuity.
By providing open access, the following benefits are brought about:
- Higher Visibility, Availability and Citations-free and unlimited accessibility of the publication over the internet without any restrictions increases citation of the article.
- Ease of search-publications are easily searchable in search engines and indexing databases.
- Rapid Publication – accepted papers are immediately published online.
- Available for free download immediately after publication at https://esp.as-pub.com/index.php/ESP
Copyright Statement
1.The authors certify that the submitted manuscripts are original works, do not infringe the rights of others, are free from academic misconduct and confidentiality issues, and that there are no disputes over the authorship scheme of the collaborative articles. In case of infringement, academic misconduct and confidentiality issues, as well as disputes over the authorship scheme, all responsibilities will be borne by the authors.
2. The author agrees to grant the Editorial Office of Environment and Social Psychology a licence to use the reproduction right, distribution right, information network dissemination right, performance right, translation right, and compilation right of the submitted manuscript, including the work as a whole, as well as the diagrams, tables, abstracts, and any other parts that can be extracted from the work and used in accordance with the characteristics of the journal. The Editorial Board of Environment and Social Psychology has the right to use and sub-licence the above mentioned works for wide dissemination in print, electronic and online versions, and, in accordance with the characteristics of the periodical, for the period of legal protection of the property right of the copyright in the work, and for the territorial scope of the work throughout the world.
3. The authors are entitled to the copyright of their works under the relevant laws of Singapore, provided that they do not exercise their rights in a manner prejudicial to the interests of the Journal.
About Licence
Environment and Social Psychology is an open access journal and all published work is available under the Creative Commons Licence, Authors shall retain copyright of their work and grant the journal/publisher the right of first publication, and their work shall be licensed under the Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0).
Under this licence, the author grants permission to third parties to download, reuse, reprint, modify, distribute and/or copy the content with attribution to the author. No permission from the author or publisher is required.
This broad licence is intended to facilitate free access to and unrestricted use of original works of all kinds. This ensures that published works remain free and accessible in perpetuity. Submitted manuscripts, once accepted, are immediately available to the public and permanently accessible free of charge on the journal’s official website (https://esp.as-pub.com/index.php/ESP). Allowing users to read, download, copy, print, search for or link to the full text of the article, or use it for other legal purposes. However, the use of the work must retain the author's signature, be limited to non-commercial purposes, and not be interpretative.
Click to download <Agreement on the Licence for the Use of Copyright on Environmental and Social Psychology>.
How to Cite
Beyond borders: The integration of foreign students in the distance learning educational process at the Russian university
Sergey A. Kremen
Smolensk State University
Faina M. Kremen
Smolensk State University
Kseniya P. Tsitsikashvili
Higher School of Economics
DOI: https://doi.org/10.18063/esp.v8.i1.1662
Keywords: foreign students, distance education, university, higher education, integration
Abstract
The study aims to examine the integration of foreign students who are studying in a distance learning format into the educational process of a Russian university. A mixed-methods approach, involving quantitative data collection (survey and data analysis) and qualitative methods (interviews), was used. Data analysis was conducted using inferential statistics. The study included 103 first-year foreign freshman students (from Uzbekistan, China, Haiti, and Sri Lanka) who were studying remotely at Smolensk State University. The authors identified four interrelated elements of educational integration: technological, academic, sociocultural, and psychological. The combination of their indicators (mastery of the distance learning platform, need for university support, academic performance, proficiency in the Russian language, sociocultural adaptation, satisfaction with learning, etc.) generally demonstrates the successful integration of foreign students into the educational process, while also revealing some differences among representatives of different countries. It was also found that the distance learning format does not significantly reduce the impact of sociocultural integration on academic performance: language and cultural difficulties can negatively affect academic performance. In turn, experience in distance learning, good proficiency in Russian, completion of the curriculum, and participation in activities that develop intercultural competencies ensure successful educational integration.
Author Biographies
Sergey A. Kremen, Smolensk State University
PhD,Associate Professor of the Department of Pedagogy and Psychology, Smolensk State University, Russia.Faina M. Kremen, Smolensk State University
PhD,
Associate Professor, the Department of Social Work,
Smolensk State University, Russia.
Kseniya P. Tsitsikashvili, Higher School of Economics
PhD candidate, Institute of education, Higher School of Economics, Moscow, RussiaReferences
[1]. Fozdar F, Volet S. Cultural self-identification and orientations to cross-cultural mixing on an Australian university campus. Journal of Intercultural Studies 2016; 37(1): 51–68. doi: 10.1080/07256868.2015.1119674.
[2]. Palvia S, Aeron P, Gupta P, et al. Online education: Worldwide status, challenges, trends, and implications. Journal of Global Information Technology Management 2018; 21(4): 233–241. doi: 10.1080/1097198X.2018.1542262.
[3]. Nikolaev VK. Exporting Russian higher education in the conditions of a new reality. Higher Education in Russia 2022; 31(2): 149–166. doi: 10.31992/0869-3617-2022-31-2-149-166.
[4]. Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation. The number of foreign students in Russia has increased by 26,000 over three years [Internet]. Moscow: Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation; [cited 2023 May 14]. Available from: https://minobrnauki.gov.ru/presscenter/news/mezhdunarodnoe-sotrudnichestvo/46158/.
[5]. Shugalsky NB. Higher education and the labor market. Moscow: National Research University Higher School of Economics; 2021.
[6]. Kücking S. Internationalisation and the integration of international students at the University of Twente [Internet]. Enschede: University of Twente; 2011. Available from: https://purl.utwente.nl/essays/61295.
[7]. Kroesen O. The integration process of international students in Groningen [Bachelor’s thesis]. Groningen: University of Groningen; 2020.
[8]. Chang S, Gomes C. Digital experiences of international students: Challenging assumptions and rethinking engagement. 1st ed. London: Routledge; 2020. doi: 10.4324/9780429276088.
[9]. Kim YY. Becoming intercultural: An integrative theory of communication and cross-cultural adaptation. Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications; 2001. doi: 10.4135/9781452233253.
[10]. Kremen SA. Cross-cultural academic adaptation of foreign students. Tvorcheskoye Naslediye E.V. Il’yenkova I Sovremennost’ 2017; 3: 47–52.
[11]. Zhu J, Li G, Wan M, et al. Survey study of the cultural integration of international students in east China under ecosystem theory. Sustainability 2022; 14(21): 14485. doi: 10.3390/su142114485.
[12]. Bakhmat O, Lisina L, Udovenko I, et al. Development of online and offline academic mobility of students in modern conditions. Revista Eduweb 2022; 16(3): 146–159. doi: 10.46502/issn.1856-7576/2022.16.03.11.
[13]. Abramova MO, Filkina AV, Sukhushina EV. Challenges to internationalization in Russian higher education: The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the international student experience. Вопросы образования/Educational Studies Moscow 2021; 4: 117–146. doi: 10.17323/1814-9545-2021-4-117-146.
[14]. Novikov P. Impact of COVID-19 emergency transition to on-line learning on international students’ perceptions of educational process at Russian university. Journal of Social Studies Education Research 2020; 11(3): 270–302.
[15]. Alhamami M. Beliefs about and intention to learn a foreign language in face-to-face and online settings. Computer-assisted Language Learning 2018; 31(1–2): 90–113. doi: 10.1080/09588221.2017.1387154.
[16]. Elmer T, Mepham K, Stadtfeld C. Students under lockdown: Comparisons of students’ social networks and mental health before and during the COVID-19 crisis in Switzerland. PLoS One 2020; 15(7): e0236337. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0236337.
[17]. Zhang Z, Kenny R. Learning in an online distance education course: Experiences of three international students. International Review of Research in Open and Distance Learning 2010; 11(1): 17–36. doi: 10.19173/irrodl.v11i1.775.
[18]. Shattuck K. Glimpse of the global coral gardens: Insights of international adult learners on the interactions of cultures in online distance education [PhD thesis]. Pennsylvania: The Pennsylvania State University; 2005.
[19]. Malyuga EN, Petrosyan GO. Effective integration of distance courses through project-based learning. Frontiers in Education 2022; 6: 788829. doi: 10.3389/feduc.2021.788829.
[20]. Elsakova R, Kuzmina N, Kochkina D. Smart technology integration in the system of bachelors’ language training. International Journal of Emerging Technologies in Learning (iJET) 2019; 14(15): 25–39. doi:
[21]. 3991/ijet.v14i15.10565.
[22]. Kuzmina N, Kochkina D, Kuzmin M. Blended learning as a means of foreign students’ integration into a university educational process. International Journal of Emerging Technologies in Learning (iJET) 2021; 16(6): 259–274. doi: 10.3991/ijet.v16i06.19073.
[23]. Lahteenoja S. Uusien opiskelijoiden integroituminen yliopistoon. Sosiaalipsykologinen nakokulma (Finnish) [Integrating new students into the university. The socio-psychological angle] [PhD thesis]. Helsinki: University of Helsinki; 2010.
[24]. Granderath JS, Martin A, Froehlich L, Stürmer S. Identification through education: Exploring the effects of adult education on national and ethnic identification of people with migration background in Germany. Journal of Community and Applied Social Psychology 2020; 31(2): 198–212. doi: 10.1002/casp.2482.
[25]. Bakhmat O, Lisina L, Udovenko I, et al. Development of online and offline academic mobility of students in modern conditions. Revista Eduweb 2022; 16(3): 146–159. doi: 10.46502/issn.1856-7576/2022.16.03.11.
[26]. Spencer-Oatey H, Dauber D, Jing J, Wang L. Chinese students’ social integration into the university community: Hearing the students’ voices. Higher Education 2017; 74: 739–756. doi: 10.1007/s10734-016-0074-0.
[27]. Tinto V. Colleges as communities: Taking research on student persistence seriously. The Review of Higher Education 1998; 21(2): 167–177.
[28]. Baker RW, Siryk B. SACQ: Student adaptation to college questionnaire manual. 2nd ed. Los Angeles: Western Psychological Services; 1999.
[29]. Severiens S, Wolff R. A comparison of ethnic minority and majority students: Social and academic integration, and quality of learning. Studies in Higher Education 2008; 33(3): 253–266. doi: 10.1080/03075070802049194.
[30]. Rienties B, Beausaert S, Grohnert T, et al. Understanding academic performance of international students: The role of ethnicity, academic and social integration. Higher Education 2012; 63: 685–700. doi: 10.1007/s10734-011-9468-1.
[31]. Kang H, Chang B. Examining culture’s impact on the learning behaviors of international students from confucius culture studying in western online learning context. Journal of International Students 2016; 6(3): 779–797. doi: 10.32674/jis.v6i3.356.
[32]. Reeder K, Macfadyen LP, Chase M, Roche J. Falling through the cultural gaps? Intercultural communication challenges in cyberspace [Internet]. Kelowna: UBC Community and Partner Publications; 2004 [cited 2023 Apr 22]. Available from: https://open.library.ubc.ca/collections/ubccommunityandpartnerspublicati/52387/items/1.0058430.
[33]. Abuhassna H, Al-Rahmi WM, Yahya N, et al. Development of a new model on utilizing online learning platforms to improve students’ academic achievements and satisfaction. International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education 2020; 17: 38. doi: 10.1186/s41239-020-00216-z.
[34]. Pan CC, Tsai MH, Tsai PY, et al. Technology’s impact: Symbiotic or asymbiotic impact on differing cultures? Educational Media International 2003; 40(3–4): 319–330. doi: 10.1080/0952398032000113239.
[35]. Lin X, Hatano G. Technology, culture, and adaptive minds: An introduction. Mind, Culture, and Activity 2003; 10(1): 3–8. doi: 10.1207/S15327884MCA1001_02.
[36]. Jamaludin J, Alanur SSN. Cultural shock and distance learning solutions in Pancasila and citizenship education to build ideal citizens. Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research 2022; 636: 417–421. doi: 10.2991/assehr.k.220108.076.
[37]. Walker-Fernandez SE. Toward understanding the study experience of culturally sensitive graduate students in American distance education programs [PhD thesis]. Miami: Florida International University; 1999.
[38]. Goodfellow R, Lamy MN. Conclusions: New directions for research in online learning cultures. In: Goodfellow R, Lamy MN (editors). Learning cultures in online education. Continuum studies in education. London: Continuum International Publishing Group; 2009. p. 170–183.
[39]. Zang F, Tian M, Fan J, Sun Y. Influences of online learning environment on international students’ intrinsic motivation and engagement in the Chinese learning. Journal of International Students 2022; 12(S1): 61–82. doi: 10.32674/jis.v12iS1.4608.
[40]. Nikula PT, Sibley J. Supporting international students’ academic acculturation and sense of academic self-efficacy. Transitions: Journal of Transient Migration 2020; 4: 136–149. doi: 10.1386/tjtm_00018_1.
[41]. Rienties B, Grohnert T, Kommers P, et al. Academic and social integration of international and local students at five business schools, a cross-institutional comparison. In: Van den Bossche P, Gijselaers WH, Milter RG (editors). Building learning experiences in a changing world. Dordrecht: Springer; 2011. p. 121–137. doi: 10.1007/978-94-007-0802-0_8.
[42]. Egbe DA, Mutanga BM, Chani T. Combating digital academic dishonesty: A scoping review of approaches. International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology (iJEAT) 2020; 9(6): 82–88. doi: 10.35940/ijeat.F1268.089620.
[43]. Knox A, Lim B, Mahfouz A, et al. Mind the gap: Integration of international students [Report]. Technological University Dublin; 2019.
[44]. Levanov VM, Perevezentsev EA, Gavrilova AN. Distance education in a medical university during a pandemic COVID-19: The first experience through the eyes of students. Journal of Telemedicine and E-Health 2020; 25(2): 3–9. doi: 10.29188/2542-2413-2020-6-2-3-9.
[45]. Joy S, Kolb DA. Are there cultural differences in learning style? International Journal of Intercultural Relations 2009; 33(1): 69–85. doi: 10.1016/j.ijintrel.2008.11.002.
[46]. Asoodar M, Vaezi S, Izanloo B. Framework to improve e-learner satisfaction and further strengthen e-learning implementation. Computers in Human Behavior 2016; 63: 704–716. doi: 10.1016/j.chb.2016.05.060.
[47]. Akhtamova SS, Chernyshov VN. E-learning in a pedagogical university: Pros and cons. Chelovek I Yazyk V Kommunikativnom Prostranstve: Sbornik Nauchnykh Statey 2018; 9(9): 193–199.
[48]. Wilcox P, Winn S, Fyvie-Gauld M. ‘It was nothing to do with the university, it was just the people’: The role of social support in the first-year experience of higher education. Studies in Higher Education 2005; 30(6): 707–722. doi: 10.1080/03075070500340036.
[49]. Lee DY. Korean and foreign students’ perceptions of the teacher’s role in a multicultural online learning environment in Korea. Educational Technology Research and Development 2011; 59(6): 913–935. doi: 10.1007/s11423-011-9219-0.
[50]. Kremen S, Tsitsikashvili K. Students’ representations of a university professor’s leadership qualities in conditions of e-learning. E3S Web of Conferences 2020; 208: 08034. doi: 10.1051/e3sconf/202020808034.
[51]. da Silva MP, de Arruda MP, Zwierewicz M, et al. The mobility of professors in performing distance education activities. International Journal for Innovation Education and Research 2020; 8(4): 514–526. doi: 10.31686/ijier.vol8.iss4.2303.
[52]. Chang S, Gomes C. Digital experiences of international students: Challenging assumptions and rethinking engagement. Oxfordshire: Routledge; 2020. doi: 10.4324/9780429276088.
[53]. Van Wart M, Ni A, Medina P, et al. Integrating students’ perspectives about online learning: A hierarchy of factors. International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education 2020; 17: 53. doi: 10.1186/s41239-020-00229-8.
[54]. Aparicio M, Bacao F, Oliveira T. Cultural impacts on e-learning systems’ success. The Internet and Higher Education 2016; 31: 58–70. doi: 10.1016/j.iheduc.2016.06.003.
[55]. Faisal P, Kisman Z. Information and communication technology utilization effectiveness in distance education systems. International Journal of Engineering Business Management 2020; 12: 1847979020911872. doi: 10.1177/1847979020911872.
[56]. Reynolds AL, Constantine MG. Cultural adjustment difficulties and career development of international college students. Journal of Career Assessment 2007; 15(3): 338–350. doi: 10.1177/1069072707301218.
[57]. Ward C. Probing identity, integration and adaptation: Big questions, little answers. International Journal of Intercultural Relations 2013; 37(4): 391–404. doi: 10.1016/j.ijintrel.2013.04.001.
[58]. Poyrazli S, Kavanaugh PR, Baker A, Al-Timimi N. Social support and demographic correlates of acculturative stress in international students. Journal of College Counseling 2004; 7(1): 73. doi: 10.1002/j.2161-1882.2004.tb00261.x.
[59]. Jeanneau C, O’Riordan S. The impact of a peer-facilitated discussion initiative on international students’ learning experience in the context of internationalisation at home. Language Learning in Higher Education 2020; 10(1): 1–24. doi: 10.1515/cercles-2020-2011.
[60]. Dursun F, Sevim OM. Receiving education in a different country: Challenges encountered by foreign students and proposed solutions. Acta Educationis Generalis 2022; 12(2): 140–162. doi: 10.2478/atd-2022-0018.
[61]. Bernt FM, Bugbee AC Jr. Study practices and attitudes related to academic success in a distance learning programme. Distance Education 1993; 14(1): 97–112. doi: 10.1080/0158791930140108.
[62]. Thomas L. Student retention in higher education: The role of institutional habitus. Journal of Education Policy 2002; 17(4): 423–442. doi: 10.1080/02680930210140257.
[63]. Neroni J, Meijs C, Gijselaers HJM, et al. Learning strategies and academic performance in distance education. Learning and Individual Differences 2019; 73: 1–7. doi: 10.1016/j.lindif.2019.04.007.
[64]. Altbach PG. Impact and adjustment: Foreign students in comparative perspective. Higher Education 1991; 21(3): 305–323. doi: 10.1007/BF00132723.