Vol. 10 No. 4 (2025): Publishing | Environment and Social Psychology

Vol. 10 No. 4 (2025): Publishing

Table of Contents

Open Access
Research Articles
Abstract
ESP-3428
Research on performance evaluation systems from a social-psychological perspective: A regional financial institution case study
by Mingzhe Li, Grace R. Tobias
2025,10(4);    8 Views
doi: https://doi.org/10.59429/esp.v10i4.3428
Abstract This study examines the social-psychological dimensions of performance evaluation systems in regional equity trading centers, using Henan Zhongyuan Equity Exchange Center as a case study. Through comprehensive empirical analysis of data from 2019 to 2023, the research employs multiple methodological approaches to investigate how social dynamics and psychological factors influence evaluation effectiveness. The findings reveal significant positive effects of evaluation systems on employee psychological well-being and organizational climate ( β  = 0.385, p < 0.01), with the relationship mediated by social support systems ( β  = 0.124), interpersonal trust ( β  = 0.078), and collective organizational identity ( β  = 0.047). Social context analysis demonstrates stronger effects in departments with high psychological safety and collaborative cultures. The moderation analysis identifies organizational support as a crucial amplifying factor, with high support environments showing substantially stronger effects ( β  = 0.70) compared to low support conditions ( β  = 0.30). Dynamic analysis confirms the temporal stability of these social-psychological relationships. These findings contribute to both theoretical understanding and practical implementation of psychologically informed performance evaluation systems in organizations, with implications extending beyond equity trading centers to various financial institutions and corporate environments where psychological safety and performance evaluation intersect.
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Open Access
Research Articles
Abstract
ESP-3514
The effects of e-sports on college students' coping strategies for psychological stress
by Bingqian Cheng, Zagdkhorol Bayasgalan
2025,10(4);    68 Views
doi: https://doi.org/10.59429/esp.v10i4.3514
Abstract As an emerging stress management tool in the digital age, eSports exhibits significant bidirectional moderating effects in the college student population. This study integrates neurobehavioral and clinical psychological evidence to reveal that eSports participation enhances stress resilience in specific individuals through prefrontal cortex functional reinforcement and virtual social capital accumulation, but the benefits are characterized by a strict dose-dependence. Key data showed that systematic participation in team sports increased college students' stress response threshold stability by 19% and prefrontal decision-related brain region activity by 23%, while loneliness scale scores decreased by 37%. However, average weekly participation above the 18-hour threshold triggered an imbalance in the neurotransmitter system, resulting in a 37% increase in amygdala threat sensitivity, accompanied by a 27% increase in the risk of academic burnout. The study confirms that individual neuroticism constitutes a key regulatory variable: high openness groups can extract cross-domain coping strategies from e-sports experiences and transfer them 1 .9 times more efficiently than low openness groups, whereas dopaminergic reward pathway efficacy is attenuated by 42% in high openness groups, which significantly reduces stress buffering effects. A dynamic monitoring framework is proposed at the practical level, integrating HPA axis function testing with brain-derived neurotrophic factor level analysis to establish an individualized engagement protocol based on real-time biofeedback. These findings break through the binary division of traditional stress coping strategies and provide an interdisciplinary basis for higher education institutions to design precise digital mental health interventions, emphasizing the establishment of a new balanced paradigm between the development of neuroplasticity and the prevention and control of behavioral risks.
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Open Access
Research Articles
Abstract
ESP-3544
The promoting effect of natural environment in music education on the cognitive and emotional development of college students: A quasi-experimental study
by Feiyan Yang, Yudhi Arifani, Yaoping Liu, Wannaporn Siripala
2025,10(4);    129 Views
doi: https://doi.org/10.59429/esp.v10i4.3544
Abstract This study explores the role of natural environments in promoting cognitive and emotional development in music education. Using a mixed-methods approach through a 12-week quasi-experimental design, the study comparatively analyzed the differential effects of music education activities conducted in natural environments versus traditional classroom settings on student development. The research subjects were 240 college students (120 in the experimental group, 120 in the control group), with data collected through scale assessments, behavioral observations, semi-structured interviews, and social network analysis. The results indicated that: (1) Natural environments significantly promoted the development of students' music cognitive abilities, particularly in auditory discrimination ability (d=0.82), musical memory ability (d=0.79), and musical creative thinking (d=0.87); (2) Music education in natural environments produced systematic effects on emotional development, especially in emotional recognition and expression abilities (d=0.91), emotional regulation ability (d=0.92), and musical empathy ability (d=0.93); (3) Different types of natural environments produced different effects on cognitive and emotional development, with water landscapes showing optimal effects for auditory discrimination and emotional recognition, while forest environments were more conducive to creative thinking and emotional expression; (4) Natural environments exertedted psychosocial influence through three mechanisms: enhancing social connection and sense of belonging, cultivating ecological music values, and developing sustainable learning motivation; (5) Environmental complexity, biodiversity, and sense of natural rhythm were the three key environmental factors affecting music cognitive and emotional development. The research results support the application of attention restoration theory and place attachment theory from environmental psychology in music education, providing empirical evidence for the mechanism of environmental factors in music education, and offering important implications for organically integrating natural environmental elements into music education practice to promote students' comprehensive development.
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Open Access
Research Articles
Abstract
ESP-3594
The impact of fluency in college students’ leisure sports on happiness: The moderating role of leisure satisfaction
by Feifei Chen, Jianpeng Li, Hsin-Chang Yu, Pengfei Chen, Yingying Xia
2025,10(4);    62 Views
doi: https://doi.org/10.59429/esp.v10i4.3594
Abstract Background: As a key way to promote the physical and mental health of college students, the relationship between leisure sports and happiness has become the focus of social attention. Purpose: The aim of this study is to analyze the influence of college students' fluency in leisure sports activities on their happiness, and explore the moderating effect of leisure satisfaction. Results: The questionnaire survey method was adopted to select 589 college students by stratified sampling. The data were collected using the fluency scale, happiness scale and leisure satisfaction scale of leisure sports activities, and statistical analysis was conducted by SPSS software. The results show that fluency positively predicted happiness (β=.510, p<.001). Furthermore, leisure satisfaction significantly moderates this relationship, with higher leisure satisfaction amplifying the positive effect of fluency on happiness (ΔR² =.117, p < .01). Conclusion: The findings highlight the importance of fostering fluency states in leisure sports to enhance college students' happiness, particularly when coupled with high leisure satisfaction. Universities and sports organizers should create a positive sports culture atmosphere and build a social psychological environment supporting college students to participate in sports activities, so as to help college students gain a sense of fluency in leisure sports activities, improve their happiness, and promote their physical and mental health. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
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Open Access
Research Articles
Abstract
ESP-3647
The impact of employee-oriented social responsibility on enterprise resilience mediated by employee psychological capital among small and medium enterprises
by Yang yang, Ali Khatibi, Jacquline Tham
2025,10(4);    0 Views
doi: https://doi.org/10.59429/esp.v10i4.3647
Abstract In recent years, people have become increasingly interested in paying attention to employees' corporate social responsibility, while the resilience of enterprises, especially small and medium-sized enterprises, has also received increasing attention. The purpose of this study is to explore the impact of employee oriented social responsibility initiatives on enterprise resilience, as well as the mediating role of employee psychological capital. To achieve this goal, we collected data from employees of small and medium-sized enterprises. The article collected a total of 826 valid samples and conducted impact analysis using SPSS and AMOS software.The results showed that employee-oriented social responsibility enhances enterprise resilience for small and medium-sized enterprises, and employee psychological capital plays a mediating role between employee-oriented social responsibility and enterprises resilience
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Open Access
Research Articles
Abstract
ESP-3185
Generative AI as a catalyst for instruction in higher education: A study on relevance and effectiveness
by Anesito L. Cutillas
2025,10(4);    61 Views
doi: https://doi.org/10.59429/esp.v10i4.3185
Abstract Technologies such as ChatGPT have brought new opportunities for individualized learning, automated assessments, and student engagement. The introduction of generative AI in education has represented a momentous shift in the way that teaching and learning processes are handled. This exploratory paper discussed the implications of generative AI in higher education. Higher education teachers (n=15) from Visayas, Philippines were purposively sampled to be interviewed about their experiences in using ChatGPT in the classroom. Narratives were collected to deconstruct how generative AI could shape and transform learning experiences in the classroom. Findings indicated that college teachers were primarily positive about the applications of generative AI in higher education. Teachers reported that AI-enabled technologies improved the efficiency and interactivity of lessons, helping students better understand complex topics through personalized, real-time feedback and simulations. AI was also found to inspire creativity, with students developing unique ideas and presenting their work more critically and innovatively. However, concerns were raised about the potential overreliance on AI, with some educators worried it could diminish their role and lead to a dilution of students’ learning experiences. There were also concerns about the possible devaluation of human creativity and critical thinking in favor of algorithmic logic. To address these issues, the study underscored the need for comprehensive training and policy development to ensure AI is used ethically and effectively, complementing human educators rather than replacing them. The findings emphasized the importance of ethically integrating the potential of generative AI to preserve the fundamental values of education and human development.
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Open Access
Research Articles
Abstract
ESP-3391
The impact of social support on anxiety among college students majoring in preschool education: The mediating role of psychological resilience
by Jie Shi, Voon Siok Ping
2025,10(4);    13 Views
doi: https://doi.org/10.59429/esp.v10i4.3391
Abstract Since the end of the COVID-19 pandemic, many studies have shown that the anxiety level of college students has increased, but there are few studies on the sample of students majoring in preschool education, and the results show that the anxiety level is higher than that of college students in other majors. The basic position of preschool education in the national education system and the integrated training system of preschool teachers make us pay attention to the students of preschool education. The purpose of this study is to study the anxiety status and relieving mechanism of pre-school students. This study is a cross-sectional study design, using an online questionnaire survey method. SPSS 21.0 and its plug-in PROCESS were used to process the data of anxiety, social support and psychological resilience of 971 subjects. The results show that anxiety is negatively correlated with social support and mental toughness, while social support and mental toughness are positively correlated; psychological resilience plays a completely mediating role between social support and anxiety. This study has enriched the research on the mental health level of students majoring in preschool education, and provided guidance for the psychological counseling of students in the school mental health center, which has theoretical significance.
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Open Access
Research Articles
Abstract
ESP-3522
The mediating role of teacher self-efficacy in relationship between professional learning community and collective teacher efficacy in Sarawak primary schools, Malaysia
by Zuraidah Abdullah, Victor Jibson Anthony, Zuliana Mohd Zabidi, Husaina Banu Kenayathulla
2025,10(4);    20 Views
doi: https://doi.org/10.59429/esp.v10i4.3522
Abstract The purpose of this study is to provide an in-depth analysis of how Professional Learning Community (PLC) dimensions were practiced by primary school teachers in Sarawak, Malaysia and impacted on teacher self-efficacy (TSE) and collective teacher efficacy (CTE). In this study, questionnaires were distributed to 450 respondents from 68 primary schools in Sarawak, Malaysia. This study used Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) to investigate the causal relationship between PLC and CTE with a focus on the mediating role of TSE. The findings indicate that five PLC’s dimensions (collaborative culture, supportive condition (structure), supportive condition (relationship), result orientation and dialogue reflective have effects on CTE. In addition, TSE is found to mediate the effect of five PLC’s dimensions (shared and supportive leadership, result oriented, collective learning and application, dialogue reflective and supportive condition (structure)) on CTE. The study provides new insight into PLC’s literature by examining the effects of PLC on teachers’ CTE. However, future research may integrate qualitative approach to triangulate the relationship between PLC and CTE for more comprehensive understanding of the subject matter. This study is one of the few to examine the effects of PLC towards teachers’ collective efficacy especially in Asian context. This study also highlights the role of TSE as mediator in the school setting. Moreover, this study also examines the interrelationship between PLC’s dimensions, TSE and CTE in a holistic manner.
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Open Access
Research Articles
Abstract
ESP-3507
The influence of fitness Qigong exercise on undergraduate subjective well-being: The mediating role of basic psychological needs
by Wenda Zhou, Lijun Wang
2025,10(4);    60 Views
doi: https://doi.org/10.59429/esp.v10i4.3507
Abstract Objective: This study is committed to deeply explore the influence path and internal mechanism of fitness Qigong exercise on students' subjective well-being, and simultaneously explore the basic psychological needs as an intermediary bridge. Methods: We adopted the health Qigong exercise assessment scale, the subjective well-being measurement tool, and the basic psychological demand table, and carried out a comprehensive questionnaire survey for 650 students in three different educational institutions. Subsequently, we made a comprehensive and detailed analysis of the obtained data by using the SPSS 27.0 statistical software. In order to further reveal the role of basic psychological needs in the mediation bridge between fitness Qigong exercise and subjective well-being, we further used AMOS 28.0 software to construct a structural equation model, and used the Bootstrap mediation effect test to accurately analyze the complex relationship between variables. Results: The results showed that there was a significant correlation between fitness Qigong exercise, subjective well-being and basic psychological needs. The analysis results of direct effects clearly indicated that fitness Qigong exercise has a significant direct impact on college students' subjective well-being (β =0.400, P <0.001). However, the analysis of the mediation effect further clarified that the basic psychology needs to play a partial mediation role in the influence of fitness Qigong exercise on college students' subjective wellbeing. Conclusion: Fitness Qigong exercise can not only directly enhance students 'subjective well-being, but also indirectly have a positive impact on students' subjective well-being through the mediation effect of basic psychological needs.
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Open Access
Research Articles
Abstract
ESP-3575
Fostering teamwork skills through PBL volleyball courses: A social psychological study of Chinese vocational college students
by Yingying Xia, Kuan-Chun Tasi, Feifei Chen, Hsin-Chang Yu
2025,10(4);    68 Views
doi: https://doi.org/10.59429/esp.v10i4.3575
Abstract This study investigates the impact of Problem-Based Learning (PBL) volleyball courses on the development of teamwork skills among Chinese vocational college students, framed within a social psychological perspective. A quasi-experimental design was employed involving 81 students, divided into an experimental group (n = 41) receiving a PBL-based volleyball curriculum and a control group (n = 40) taught through traditional methods. Over a 12-week intervention, data were collected using a validated teamwork skills scale encompassing cognitive, emotional, and behavioral dimensions. Statistical analyses, including paired t-tests and ANCOVA, revealed that the experimental group exhibited significantly greater improvements across all dimensions of teamwork skills compared to the control group. These findings highlight the role of structured, socially interactive physical education environments in enhancing key psychosocial competencies. The study contributes to the broader discourse on how educational environments, when designed with collaborative and problem-solving frameworks, can shape student behavior, motivation, and social development. It underscores the effectiveness of integrating sports-based PBL models into vocational education as a means of cultivating teamwork, responsibility, and interpersonal coordination in young adults.
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Open Access
Research Articles
Abstract
ESP-3632
Evidence of validity and reliability of the general self-efficacy scale in the Peruvian population
by Jose Calizaya-Lopez, Yaneth Aleman-Vilca, Jorge Manuel Luque-Cruz, Luz Karina Calderon-Rodriguez, Marco Manuel Zevallos-Echegaray, Miguel Pacheco-Quico, Yenny Yessica Asillo-Apaza, Carlos Trujillo-Vera, Renzo Rimaneth Rivero-Fernandez
2025,10(4);    0 Views
doi: https://doi.org/10.59429/esp.v10i4.3632
Abstract Self-efficacy represents a fundamental construct within psychology, since it influences the way people face challenges, make decisions and persevere in the face of adverse situations. The evidence of validity and reliability of the general self-efficacy scale (GSE) in the Peruvian population was evaluated, and an instrumental design was used to evaluate the psychometric evidence. 2283 people participated; they were chosen intentionally, those selected formed population groups according to life stages (adolescents, young people, adults and older adults). Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was applied to evaluate the one-dimensional structure of the scale. Good adjustment indices were found (CFI and TLI with values above 0.95, RMSEA with a value < to 0.80 and SRMR < to 0.06). The results show that the data fit the one-dimensional structure of the instrument. The internal consistency presented values of 0.94, indicating high reliability. Therefore, it is concluded that the GSE presents adequate evidence of psychometric properties in samples of adolescents and young people, as well as being valid and reliable to be applied in Peruvian adults and older adults, offering a useful tool for the clinical, psychosocial and community work of this population.
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Open Access
Research Articles
Abstract
ESP-3384
Research on the impact of investor sentiment on the yield of the real estate sector
by Xiafei Feng
2025,10(4);    64 Views
doi: https://doi.org/10.59429/esp.v10i4.3384
Abstract This study investigates the interaction between investor sentiment and macroeconomic environment in China's real estate sector from 2013 to 2023. Using a dataset combining psychological measurements from 2,156 investors with market data from 148 listed real estate companies, we examine how monetary policy and market structure shape the transmission of emotional effects. Through empirical analysis integrating emotional psychology and behavioral finance theories, we identify three key mechanisms: (1) monetary policy environment significantly moderates emotional transmission in the market, with loose policy periods amplifying sentiment effects; (2) market structure and investor composition determine the strength of emotional contagion, showing stronger effects in retail-dominated markets; (3) social networks and institutional arrangements systematically influence how individual emotions aggregate into market-wide sentiment. Our results demonstrate that the impact of investor emotions varies substantially with macroeconomic conditions and market structure, revealing the crucial role of policy environment and institutional framework in emotional transmission. These findings provide insights for maintaining market stability through coordinated management of monetary policy, market structure, and collective sentiment.
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Open Access
Research Articles
Abstract
ESP-3303
Does the diffusion of digital technologies promote corporate green innovation? Empirical evidence from China
by Ni Xiong, Yongheng Hu, Xi Zhang, Batkhuyag Ganbaatar, Wei Zhang, Zhengbin Wang
2025,10(4);    92 Views
doi: https://doi.org/10.59429/esp.v10i4.3303
Abstract To explore how the diffusion of digital technologies shapes corporate green innovation, this study uses panel data from A-share listed companies between 2007 and 2021. The empirical findings reveal that digital diffusion significantly enhances the quality, quantity, and efficiency of green innovation. The effects are heterogeneous across firms: in high-tech enterprises, digital diffusion primarily improves innovation quality, while in non-high-tech enterprises, it mainly boosts innovation quantity. Moreover, the positive effects are stronger in heavily polluting industries than in cleaner ones. Mechanism analysis suggests that digital diffusion advances green innovation by strengthening internal corporate capabilities—particularly in production, automation, R&D, and management. These enhanced capabilities lead to more efficient and higher-quality green innovation outcomes. Interestingly, the study uncovers an inverted U-shaped relationship between digital diffusion and the quantity of green innovation, implying that while early-stage diffusion stimulates innovation, its marginal benefits may decline after a certain threshold. This finding offers valuable insights into the stages of technological adoption and their varying impacts. The research provides strategic implications for both policymakers and corporate leaders. For governments, it underscores the need to balance support for digital infrastructure with regulation to avoid diminishing returns. For firms, especially those in high-pollution or low-tech sectors, the study highlights the importance of timing and scale in digital transformation strategies.
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Open Access
Research Articles
Abstract
ESP-3429
A Study on live streaming marketing of Yi Yun information technology co., ltd. under the perspective of social psychology
by Tong Wang, Siegfried M. Erorita
2025,10(4);    9 Views
doi: https://doi.org/10.59429/esp.v10i4.3429
Abstract This study examines the social-psychological dimensions of B2B live-streaming marketing within China's tax service technology industry through a case study of Ele-Cloud Information Technology Co., Ltd. Employing the Social-Psychological Analysis Framework, this research investigates how professional services navigate trust formation, social presence creation, and professional identity construction in digital environments. Data collected through interviews with key personnel (n=15) and platform analytics revealed that effective professional service live-streaming requires balancing technical expertise demonstration with meaningful psychological engagement. Ele-Cloud's dual-brand strategy—"Smart Tax" for large corporations and "Optimal Tax" for SMEs—demonstrates sophisticated targeting of different market segments' social-psychological needs. Longitudinal analysis showed significant improvements in professional trust (75% to 94%), engagement effectiveness (70% to 93%), and social presence (65% to 92%) over a two-year period. This study contributes to the literature by identifying critical social-psychological mechanisms in B2B live-streaming, particularly regarding trust building and professional identity maintenance. The findings provide actionable insights for organizations implementing live-streaming marketing strategies in professional service contexts, emphasizing the importance of balancing professional authority with social engagement in virtual settings. Future research directions include examining how emerging technologies impact trust dynamics in professional digital interactions.
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Open Access
Research Articles
Abstract
ESP-3511
Occupational stigma and career exploration: Testing mediation and moderation effects of Mianzi concern
by Jinwen Zhang, Muhammad Rafiq, Yet Mee Lim
2025,10(4);    63 Views
doi: https://doi.org/10.59429/esp.v10i4.3511
Abstract This research is grounded in the Conservation of Resources theory to examine the impact of perceived occupational stigma on the career exploration of tour guides. This research examines the mediating and moderating influence of Mianzi concern in the relationship between perceived occupational stigma and career exploration. A total of 421 valid responses were gathered from full-time tour guides in China. The research employed the Partial Least Squares structural equation modelling approach. The research demonstrated that Mianzi concern mediates the relationship between perceived occupational stigma and career exploration. However, the moderating effect of Mianzi concern was not supported. This study enhances the understanding of the impact of occupational stigma and the elements that promote external career exploration, providing insights for reducing or removing occupational stigma.  
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Open Access
Research Articles
Abstract
ESP-3555
The impact mechanism of smart city construction on digital business environment: A panel data analysis based on 284 Chinese cities from 2009 to 2021
by Diandian Zhang, Zhiqian Tan, Shaolei He
2025,10(4);    49 Views
doi: https://doi.org/10.59429/esp.v10i4.3555
Abstract Leveraging the advantages of intelligent planning and management, smart city development can unlock the potential of the digital economy, enhance the efficiency of digital government services, refine data element market rules, and foster a more standardized and orderly digital business environment. Using panel data from 284 Chinese cities (2009–2021), this study employs a multi-time-point difference-in-differences model and a mediation effect model to examine the impact of smart city development on the digital business environment. The findings reveal that smart city development significantly enhances the digital business environment, a conclusion robust to various tests. Moreover, smart city initiatives indirectly improve the digital business environment by optimizing urban resource allocation and fostering talent accumulation. The impact exhibits significant heterogeneity, with city size and administrative level influencing the magnitude of the effects. Based on the empirical analysis, the policy recommendations are offered, such as strengthen digital infrastructure and improve support mechanisms, promote resource allocation optimization and strengthen the interaction between smart cities and the digital business environment, and accelerate talent aggregation and support the digital business environment.
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Open Access
Research Articles
Abstract
ESP-3606
Evaluating a culturally adapted schema therapy VS Tf-CBT for reducing EMS and schema modes in complex trauma: A Malaysian intervention
by Amos En Zhe Lian, Shubashini Mathialagan
2025,10(4);    0 Views
doi: https://doi.org/10.59429/esp.v10i4.3606
Abstract Research indicates that chronic and repeated interpersonal trauma is prevalent in Asia, leading to elevated early maladaptive schemas (EMS) and schema modes, which negatively impact well-being. While trauma-focused interventions are needed to address these, the Western origins of most psychotherapies raise concerns about their direct applicability in the Asian cultural context, marked by emotional reserve and shame associated with familial conflict. To address this, the current study developed a culturally adapted Schema Therapy tailored to the social and environmental realities of Asia. A pilot intervention in Malaysia compared this adapted Schema Therapy with Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (Tf-CBT) in reducing EMS and schema modes among individuals with chronic and repeated trauma. Thirty participants were randomly assigned to 16 sessions of either therapy. Quantitative analysis revealed that Schema Therapy demonstrated superior short-term and long-term reductions in both EMS and schema modes compared to Tf-CBT. These findings suggest the potential of Schema Therapy as an effective intervention for trauma-related distress in this population. The culturally adapted approach also proved effective within the Malaysian context by addressing culturally conservative and emotionally reserved tendencies.
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Open Access
Research Articles
Abstract
ESP-3657
Redefining beauty: A critical analysis of social media representations of women’s fitness and mental health
by Zhishu Lin, Siti Aishah binti Hj Mohammad Razi, LingYann Wong, Chenwei Ma
2025,10(4);    0 Views
doi: https://doi.org/10.59429/esp.v10i4.3657
Abstract The research investigates how fitness content on Instagram and TikTok supports the maintenance of discriminatory beauty standards that produce psychological effects on women. The evidence shows that algorithmically boosted fitness ideals lead to worsening mental health risks for marginalized groups, which provides the basis for the investigation. The study aims to achieve five essential targets that include examining fitness trend narratives alongside algorithmic bias assessment and evaluating body inclusion trends as well as establishing mental health-linked digital exposure relationships and establishing feminist health metrics. As part of this research project a fusion of methods combined Feminist Critical Discourse Analysis (FCDA) with sentiment modeling and Ad Observer to analyze 1,000 posts labeled with #Fitspiration and #BodyPositivity throughout 2020–2023. The combination of public health data, which included mental health indicators alongside helpline statistics, allowed researchers to conduct statistical analyses. Fitness content primarily displays lean/muscular body types at 78% yet disabled and plus-size body types are shown less than 6% of the time. The statistical relationship between Fitspiration posts and eating disorder cases showed a strong correlation value of r = 0.76 that peaked at r = 0.82 on Instagram. The algorithms detected 70% of inclusive content while simultaneously providing more benefits to problematic posts resulting in elevated financial profits alongside increased toxicity levels. Platform design parameters drive the continued propagation of body image problems according to research so scientists propose solutions featuring algorithm assessment combined with economic reform and content policy diversity to safeguard user mental health and fair representation.
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Open Access
Research Articles
Abstract
ESP-3215
Learning activities in STEM to sustain curiosity of Gen-Z in an AI-dependent college setting
by Magna Anissa A. Hayudini, Shernahar K. Tahil, Jeanor M. Marsin, Datu Al-Mujiv A. Kiram, Alnahar A. Amirul, Angela Joy Alegado Jimpoy, Fahra B. Sahibad, Adzlan P. Hamsaji, Abdulkamal H. Abduljalil, Hermie V. Inoferio
2025,10(4);    55 Views
doi: https://doi.org/10.59429/esp.v10i4.3215
Abstract The emergence of Generative AI (GenAI) programs marks a significant shift in the educational landscape, prompting a re-evaluation of traditional teaching methodologies and curricular frameworks. As education evolves, there is growing emphasis on inquiry-based learning, which prioritizes skills such as questioning, critical thinking, and problem-solving. This article discusses how GenAI sparks curiosity among Gen Z college students, with emphasis on different learning activities applicable in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) programs. College students (n=16) were purposively sampled to be interviewed about their experiences using GenAI and how it impacted their learning processes in STEM classrooms. Findings indicated that curiosity was notable in the educational experiences of STEM college students in GenAI-dependent classrooms, as it drives their exploration, creativity, and motivation to learn. Students exhibited strong curiosity by engaging with real-world challenges and using GenAI tools to seek answers and deepen their understanding of topics. Active learning strategies, including project-based and inquiry-based approaches, remarkably enhance students’ curiosity and engagement, allowing them to apply theoretical knowledge to hands-on activities and stimulate higher-order thinking. Through experiences like lab experiments and discussions about career applications of STEM knowledge, students found abstract concepts more relatable and meaningful, reinforcing their motivation. This paper highlights the need for an active, inquiry-driven learning environment that connects academic pursuits with practical applications, cultivating curiosity and enriching students’ educational experiences.
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Open Access
Research Articles
Abstract
ESP-3395
Instrument validation for measuring environmental sustainability performance in the energy sector of Malaysia
by Faiza Siddiqui, Rohani Salleh
2025,10(4);    43 Views
doi: https://doi.org/10.59429/esp.v10i4.3395
Abstract United Nations' SDG goals highlighted the importance of conducting behavioral studies on employee energy usage (12th SGD Agenda) due to increasing environmental issues and global sustainability practices for current and future generations. This study aims to better understand the phenomenon of sustainable consumption behavior by incorporating pro-environmental culture and the impact of workplace spirituality. The focus and scope of this study will be on behavioral studies and organizational interactions in Malaysia's energy sector to attain environmental sustainability performance through individual employee contributions. The value-belief-norm theory of environmentalism supports the conceptual model. The study adds both theoretical and empirical knowledge to the body of knowledge, which makes it significant. The link has been analyzed in study design using quantitative methodologies. Survey-based method of primary data has been used to collect from energy sector employees. A total of 104 employees in the energy sector participated in the pilot testing. With the support of real-world implications and suggestions, practitioners and policymakers will find it simpler to comprehend behavioral phenomena and establish sustainable goals to accomplish environmental sustainability performance.
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Open Access
Research Articles
Abstract
ESP-3515
The impact of artificial intelligence and virtual teachers on students' learning stress and anxiety: A social psychological analysis
by JuanJuan Zhang, Aiza Maslan @ Baharudin
2025,10(4);    31 Views
doi: https://doi.org/10.59429/esp.v10i4.3515
Abstract This study explores the impact of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and virtual teachers on students' learning stress and anxiety, applying the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) model. The research investigates key factors influencing students' perceptions and usage of AI-driven learning tools, including Performance Expectancy (PE), Effort Expectancy (EE), Social Influence (SI), Facilitating Conditions (FC), Behavioral Intention (BI), and Use Behavior (UB). Data were collected from 100 students, revealing generally positive attitudes towards AI tools. The results show that AI's potential to reduce learning stress and improve academic performance (PE) significantly influences students' intention to use these tools in the future (BI). Ease of use (EE) and social support (SI) were also found to positively affect behavioral intention, while facilitating conditions (FC), such as access to necessary resources and technical support, played a crucial role in determining the actual use of AI tools. The study highlights that students are more likely to adopt AI-based educational systems when they perceive them as useful, easy to use, and adequately supported. These findings suggest that fostering positive perceptions, ensuring sufficient resources, and leveraging social influence can significantly enhance the adoption of AI tools, ultimately reducing learning stress and anxiety.
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Open Access
Research Articles
Abstract
ESP-3501
A study on the psychological driving and cultural space reconstruction for the protection and development of Jiexi string puppet theater book
by Wei Lin
2025,10(4);    57 Views
doi: https://doi.org/10.59429/esp.v10i4.3501
Abstract As a precious intangible cultural heritage, Jiexi string puppet theater faces multiple challenges in its script protection and development. From the perspectives of psychological driving mechanism and cultural space reconstruction, this paper explores the internal motivation and external environment reshaping that promote the sustainable development of this traditional art form. The study shows that cultural identity, emotional connection and sense of cultural mission are the core psychological driving factors that promote the participation of local residents and external forces in script conservation. At the same time, through the reconstruction of cultural space and the optimization of material carriers and non-material forms, not only the dissemination efficacy of scripts is enhanced, but also the sense of cultural identity of the community is strengthened. We propose a synergistic mechanism of conservation and development, emphasizing the retention of traditional authenticity while encouraging innovation and adaptability to the times. Through the systematic collection of basic parameters, inheritance behaviors and revitalization effects, combined with the algorithm design of advanced, we realized the dynamic analysis of cultural genes and intelligent decision-making of spatial adaptation. Finally, the study provides theoretical support and practical path for the sustainable development of Jiexi puppet show, forming a closed-loop ecosystem of "psychological identity-behavioral participation-space revitalization".  
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Open Access
Research Articles
Abstract
ESP-3582
The effects of musical training on cognitive flexibility and executive function in children
by Jie Zhang, Ke Xu
2025,10(4);    83 Views
doi: https://doi.org/10.59429/esp.v10i4.3582
Abstract This study investigates the impact of musical training on cognitive flexibility, inhibitory control, and executive function in children. To this end, a total of 300 children were recruited and randomly allocated to either the Musical Training Group (MTG) receiving a 6 month's musical training program or the Control Group (CG), who did not receive any musical training. The MTG participated in bi-weekly 40-minute sessions, while the CG followed their regular routines. To assess cognitive changes, a series of standardized cognitive assessments were administered before and after the intervention, including the Dimensional Change Card Sort (DCCS) for cognitive flexibility, the Stroop Test for inhibitory control, and the Tower of London Task for executive function. The results showed that the MTG experienced significant improvements in all three cognitive domains, with large effect sizes (Cohen’s d = 1.45 for cognitive flexibility, 0.88 for inhibitory control, and 1.47 for executive function). In contrast, the CG showed minimal or no significant changes in these cognitive measures. However, these results clearly show that musical training can positively influence the critical cognitive maturation of the children. This study contributes to the growing body of work prodding us to the understanding that musical activities can enhance the cognitive functions and highlight the role of the disciplined musical exercise in developing better executive function. For future research, the ideal occurrence and duration of training sessions that yield optimal cognitive growth with musical training are possible subjects. This study provides valuable evidence for the potential of musical training as a tool for cognitive enhancement in educational and developmental contexts.
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Open Access
Research Articles
Abstract
ESP-3152
Cognitive dissonance in L2 dissertation writing: A hidden driver of delayed graduation trends
by Wan Safuraa Wan Osman, Fatiha Senom, Shanina Sharatol Ahmad Shah
2025,10(4);    34 Views
doi: https://doi.org/10.59429/esp.v10i4.3152
Abstract Second language (L2) postgraduate students often find dissertation writing to be a cognitively and emotionally taxing process. Beyond linguistic challenges, these students may experience cognitive dissonance (CD), a psychological conflict between their academic goals and their writing behaviors. According to Festinger’s (1957) theory of CD, an interplay exists between cognition, emotion, and motivation, whereby students’ acts of resolving their mental conflicts may influence their behaviors. While previous research has explored writing anxiety (WA) among L2 students, limited attention has been given to the role of CD in influencing dissertation writing progress and contributing to delayed graduation trends. This study aimed to investigate how CD affects L2 postgraduate students’ dissertation writing behaviors and WA. Using a multiple-case study design, three Malaysian Master’s students were selected as participants. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, audio journals, and document analysis. Thematic analysis revealed four key themes: unresolved CD impedes dissertation writing progress, diverts attention from writing issues, increases WA, and when managed adaptively, sustains writing efforts. The findings suggest that cognitive dissonance is a hidden but critical factor influencing dissertation completion and graduation timelines. Supervisors and writing support programs should consider early interventions to help students recognize and manage cognitive conflicts during the dissertation process, ultimately supporting both emotional resilience and timely academic completion.
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Open Access
Research Articles
Abstract
ESP-3347
Environmental apparel knowledge and purchase intention towards recycled clothing: Insights from an emerging market
by Xiaofang Jin, Azizah Omar
2025,10(4);    91 Views
doi: https://doi.org/10.59429/esp.v10i4.3347
Abstract Growing environmental concerns and the rising demand for sustainable consumption have driven research into consumer behaviour toward recycled clothing. Understanding purchase intentions is essential for advancing sustainable fashion, particularly in emerging markets like China. This study applies an expanded Knowledge-Attitude-Behaviour (KAB) framework, integrating perceived value and perceived responsibility to examine key factors influencing Chinese consumers' willingness to buy recycled clothing. A quantitative approach was used, collecting 597 responses via structured online surveys and analysed through structural equation modeling (SEM). The findings reveal that environmental apparel knowledge, perceived value, and perceived responsibility significantly influence purchase intention, with perceived value (β = 0.54) emerging as the strongest mediator, while environmental apparel knowledge (β = 0.42) and perceived responsibility (β = 0.37) exert direct effects. This study extends the KAB model by demonstrating the mediating roles of perceived value and responsibility, offering new theoretical insights into sustainable consumption. By focusing on Chinese consumers, this study provides a culturally relevant perspective on sustainable fashion adoption in an emerging market, enhancing the applicability of the KAB model in non-Western contexts. The findings highlight the importance of economic and social benefits in promoting recycled clothing, offering practical implications for businesses and policymakers. Future research should explore diverse populations and methodological approaches to improve the model’s generalizability.
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Open Access
Research Articles
Abstract
ESP-3528
Restricted and hands-on clinical experience on patient care: Effects on the confidence and integrity of care among nursing students
by Lorna B. Carpio, Sandra Covarrubias, Shirley Nolledo, Marry Ann A. Samson
2025,10(4);    0 Views
doi: https://doi.org/10.59429/esp.v10i4.3528
Abstract Given the evolution of the healthcare landscape, there is a growing need to equip nursing students with the necessary skills and competencies to adapt to rapid technological advancements, shifting patient demographics, and increasingly complex clinical environments. The purpose of this study was to explore the experiences of nursing students regarding restrictive academic experiences and how this affected their confidence and integrity towards patient care. Nursing students (n=18) were purposively sampled to be interviewed. Narratives were inductively interpreted to extract important insights about learning processes and self-perception. The findings indicated that students commonly experienced overthinking and anxiousness, manifesting as self-doubt, hesitation, and a persistent need for validation, all of which hindered clinical judgment and decision-making. Many struggled to bridge the gap between theoretical understanding and real-life application, leading to fears of making mistakes and emotional unpreparedness in clinical settings. In contrast, hands-on clinical experiences promoted the development of confidence through practice, observation, and conditioning. Students who engaged in repetitive tasks, observed professionals, or encountered real ethical dilemmas were better equipped to internalize skills, respond to emergencies, and uphold care integrity. These experiential opportunities allowed them to act decisively and with professionalism, transforming theoretical knowledge into confident clinical practice. Nursing students’ confidence and integrity in patient care are crucial for ensuring patient safety and quality healthcare. Adequate hands-on clinical exposure builds the practical skills and emotional readiness needed for competent, ethical nursing practice.
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Open Access
Research Articles
Abstract
ESP-3510
The relationship between social welfare and educational outcomes among 15-year-old adolescents: The mediating role of social support
by Wanyi He, Anuar Bin Ahmad, Nasruddin Yunos, Bingbing Chen
2025,10(4);    0 Views
doi: https://doi.org/10.59429/esp.v10i4.3510
Abstract This study examines the relationship between social welfare and educational outcomes among 15-year-old adolescents, focusing on the mediating role of social support. Using structural equation modeling to analyze PISA 2018 data from 98,562 students across 18 countries representing four welfare regime types, we find that social welfare indicators (social expenditure, income inequality, and child poverty rates) significantly relate to educational outcomes (academic achievement, school engagement, and educational aspirations), with 40-67% of these relationships mediated through social support. Different sources of support serve distinct functions: family support most strongly mediates effects on academic achievement and educational aspirations, teacher support is most crucial for school engagement, while peer support shows smaller but significant effects across outcomes. The mediating role of social support varies across welfare regimes, being strongest in social democratic countries and weakest in Southern European countries. Additionally, social support plays a particularly important role for socioeconomically disadvantaged students, especially in social democratic countries, suggesting it may serve as a key mechanism for mitigating educational inequalities. These findings emphasize the importance of integrating social welfare and educational policies to create environments that foster supportive relationships and promote educational success among adolescents.
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Open Access
Research Articles
Abstract
ESP-3564
The impact of women's unemployment and income disparities on intimate partner violence
by Dipela Mmaphuti Percy, Gavela Rossaline Ndhlovu
2025,10(4);    0 Views
doi: https://doi.org/10.59429/esp.v10i4.3564
Abstract The study critically investigated the connection between Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) and women’s economic status. The study was qualitative and used semi-structured interviews to collect data. The feminist economic theory guided the researcher throughout the study. The study revealed that reducing wage disparities and enhancing women's access to steady work are essential to reducing intimate partner violence. The study recommends prioritization of the economic opportunities for the victims, policy interventions that support financial literacy, job opportunities, and economic empowerment initiatives that may potentially lower intimate partner violence rates. This paper promotes a multifaceted strategy to combat gender-based violence by addressing the structural economic disparities that underlie intimate partner violence and incorporating economic reforms into more comprehensive intimate partner violence prevention tactics.
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Open Access
Research Articles
Abstract
ESP-3614
The role of cultural contexts in designing video-based mental health intervention for Chinese college students
by Dongxia Guan, Sen Gao, Li Huang, Muhammad Kamal Sabran
2025,10(4);    89 Views
doi: https://doi.org/10.59429/esp.v10i4.3614
Abstract The growing prevalence of mental health challenges among Chinese college students has prompted increased interest in digital intervention strategies, particularly those utilizing video-based formats. However, the effectiveness of such interventions largely depends on their cultural relevance and sensitivity. This study investigates the critical role of cultural contexts in designing video-based mental health interventions for Chinese college students through a systematic review of existing literature. By analyzing findings from studies on mental health, cultural psychology, and digital intervention design, the research identifies key cultural factors — including stigma surrounding mental illness, collectivist values, academic pressure, and norms of emotional expression — that influence engagement and efficacy. The study proposes a culturally grounded design framework that integrates traditional and contemporary cultural elements to enhance relatability, reduce stigma, and promote help-seeking behaviors. Findings suggest that culturally responsive content significantly improves user acceptance and therapeutic outcomes, offering valuable insights for the development of more effective, scalable mental health solutions in China and other collectivist societies.
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Open Access
Research Articles
Abstract
ESP-2834
Factors affecting perception of generation z and generation alpha towards purchase of automobile variants: An environmental perspective
by Ritu Wadhwa, Vijit Chaturvedi, Purwa Srivastava, Rushina Singhi, Zou Qing, Gong Jiankun
2025,10(4);    11 Views
doi: https://doi.org/10.59429/esp.v10i4.2834
Abstract The automotive sector is undergoing a transformative period, marked by technological advancements, sustainability imperatives, and economic uncertainties. The present paper explores the intricate interplay between the choice of automobile, preference factors, and generational perspectives. This paper explores Generation Alpha's (born 2010 onward) approach to the evolving automotive landscape, focusing on their vehicle preferences and perspectives on environmental concerns. The paper examines the concept of sustainability, Industry 5.0, government policies, the role of stakeholders in promoting environmental sustainability, state and sectoral advancements, the influence of technology on vehicle adoption, factors influencing buyer behavior, and the challenges to adopting various types of vehicles. The paper's findings highlight the evolving nature of consumer preferences and the factors affecting purchase intent. It emphasizes the growing adoption of hybrid and environmentally friendly vehicles, driven by supportive government policies and their global impact. The study underlines that flexibility and subsidies for purchasing hybrid and environmentally friendly vehicles will drive transformative changes in the automobile industry soon. It also underscores the importance of innovative branding and marketing strategies to raise awareness and promote conscious decision-making in vehicle purchases and thereby drive sustainable transformation in the global automobile industry worldwide.
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Open Access
Research Articles
Abstract
ESP-3661
Research on the impact of ESG performance on enterprise value and its transmission mechanism - Social psychological observation
by Zhihong Ju, Minghui Li
2025,10(4);    10 Views
doi: https://doi.org/10.59429/esp.v10i4.3661
Abstract This study investigates the impact of ESG performance on corporate value and its transmission mechanisms from a social psychological perspective. Based on data from Chinese A-share listed companies during 2018-2024 and questionnaire-experimental research, we constructed an analytical framework incorporating direct effects, mediating effects, and moderating effects. The findings reveal: (1) ESG performance has a significant positive impact on corporate value, but exhibits a non-linear inverted U-shaped relationship with an optimal ESG threshold of approximately 63.5%; (2) Environmental performance has the strongest impact, followed by governance and social performance; (3) Stakeholder psychological perceptions (investor identification, consumer brand attitudes, employee organizational identification) play significant mediating roles; (4) Social psychological distance has a significant negative moderating effect, with ESG performance creating stronger value when stakeholders perceive lower temporal, spatial, and social distances; (5) Industry and organizational culture differences significantly moderate ESG effects. Based on these findings, this study proposes a "psychologically-oriented" ESG governance framework with four recommendations: optimizing value communication strategies, reducing psychological distance, implementing differentiated stakeholder management, and optimizing ESG investment, thus providing an optimization pathway based on psychological mechanisms for corporate ESG practices.
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Open Access
Research Articles
Abstract
ESP-3275
Analyzing written performance of learners with AI assistance: Challenges, Limitations, and perceived effectiveness
by John M. Tan
2025,10(4);    113 Views
doi: https://doi.org/10.59429/esp.v10i4.3275
Abstract There is growing attention towards the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in improving students’ writing performance. In this qualitative exploration, perceptions of higher education institution (HEI) teachers regarding the effect of AI support on writing quality and performance outcomes are undertaken. There were 25 teachers from Samar, Philippines surveyed to explore the perceived benefits and challenges of using AI tools in the writing process. Findings indicated that AI had the potential to enhance grammar, syntax, and structure, thereby reducing writing inefficiencies and building confidence of students. In contrast, they noted that overreliance on AI was problematic, alongside the increased likelihood of academic dishonesty and the weakening of critical thinking and independent writing abilities. From these findings, the need for balance in this process surfaced as well, where AI tools supplemented traditional teaching approaches such as teacher feedback and peer review. The identified benefits included increased writing efficiency, boosted confidence, and greater student engagement in writing activities. However, challenges also emerged, such as concerns about AI accuracy in assessments, the occurrence of academic dishonesty, and the need for students to master AI command prompts. The study concluded that AI could serve as a valuable tool in supporting student writing, but it required careful introduction and an understanding of its limitations. While considering both the potential benefits and emerging issues associated with AI support, teachers were encouraged to leverage its power to enhance learning without compromising the integrity and quality of education.
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Open Access
Review Articles
Abstract
ESP-3641
Coumarins in the human–nature nexus: Exploring their environmental and psychological footprint
by Wejdan Al-Shakarchi, Yasser Fakri Mustafa
2025,10(4);    26 Views
doi: https://doi.org/10.59429/esp.v10i4.3641
Abstract Coumarins, a diverse family of naturally occurring compounds, offer a remarkable window into the deep and dynamic relationship between humans and the natural world. Found in plants, fungi, and even insects, these benzopyrone derivatives are not only known for their pharmacological versatility but also for their cultural, psychological, and ecological resonance. This review journeys through the multifaceted narrative of coumarins—from their ancient medicinal uses and spiritual significance to their contemporary relevance in environmental sustainability and mental health. Historically used in embalming rituals and herbal remedies, coumarins have been quietly shaping human experience for centuries. Their fragrant presence in essential oils and plant-based incense once framed sacred spaces and contemplative practices, hinting at their subtle but lasting psychological impact. Today, coumarins are gaining renewed interest not only for their anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and antioxidant properties but also for their potential role in mood regulation, cognitive enhancement, and neuroprotection. Their influence on monoamine pathways suggests applications in stress relief and emotional well-being—key concerns in the modern, often nature-deprived lifestyle. Environmentally, coumarins act as plant defense agents and ecological messengers, influencing biodiversity, herbivore behavior, and even soil microbiota. Their allelopathic and biocidal properties position them as vital tools in green chemistry and sustainable agriculture. Furthermore, interdisciplinary collaborations now explore coumarins in fields ranging from biomedicine and biotechnology to aromatherapy and environmental psychology. This review highlights coumarins not just as biochemical agents but as symbolic links in the human–nature nexus—agents of healing, communication, and balance. Understanding their roles across ecosystems, cultures, and psychological dimensions is essential for developing sustainable strategies that respect both biodiversity and human well-being. In an era of ecological uncertainty and emotional fragmentation, coumarins offer a fragrant reminder that nature and humanity are deeply, chemically, and spiritually entwined.
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