Published
2023-12-29
Issue
Section
Research Articles
License
The journal adopts the Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0), which means that anyone can reuse and redistribute the materials for non-commercial purposes as long as you follow the license terms and the original source is properly cited.
Author(s) shall retain the copyright of their work and grant the Journal/Publisher rights for the first publication with the work concurrently licensed since 2023 Vol.8 No.2.
Under this license, author(s) will allow third parties to download, reuse, reprint, modify, distribute and/or copy the content under the condition that the authors are given credit. No permission is required from the authors or the publisher.
This broad license intends to facilitate free access, as well as the unrestricted use of original works of all types. This ensures that the published work is freely and openly available in perpetuity.
By providing open access, the following benefits are brought about:
- Higher Visibility, Availability and Citations-free and unlimited accessibility of the publication over the internet without any restrictions increases citation of the article.
- Ease of search-publications are easily searchable in search engines and indexing databases.
- Rapid Publication – accepted papers are immediately published online.
- Available for free download immediately after publication at https://esp.as-pub.com/index.php/ESP
Copyright Statement
1.The authors certify that the submitted manuscripts are original works, do not infringe the rights of others, are free from academic misconduct and confidentiality issues, and that there are no disputes over the authorship scheme of the collaborative articles. In case of infringement, academic misconduct and confidentiality issues, as well as disputes over the authorship scheme, all responsibilities will be borne by the authors.
2. The author agrees to grant the Editorial Office of Environment and Social Psychology a licence to use the reproduction right, distribution right, information network dissemination right, performance right, translation right, and compilation right of the submitted manuscript, including the work as a whole, as well as the diagrams, tables, abstracts, and any other parts that can be extracted from the work and used in accordance with the characteristics of the journal. The Editorial Board of Environment and Social Psychology has the right to use and sub-licence the above mentioned works for wide dissemination in print, electronic and online versions, and, in accordance with the characteristics of the periodical, for the period of legal protection of the property right of the copyright in the work, and for the territorial scope of the work throughout the world.
3. The authors are entitled to the copyright of their works under the relevant laws of Singapore, provided that they do not exercise their rights in a manner prejudicial to the interests of the Journal.
About Licence
Environment and Social Psychology is an open access journal and all published work is available under the Creative Commons Licence, Authors shall retain copyright of their work and grant the journal/publisher the right of first publication, and their work shall be licensed under the Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0).
Under this licence, the author grants permission to third parties to download, reuse, reprint, modify, distribute and/or copy the content with attribution to the author. No permission from the author or publisher is required.
This broad licence is intended to facilitate free access to and unrestricted use of original works of all kinds. This ensures that published works remain free and accessible in perpetuity. Submitted manuscripts, once accepted, are immediately available to the public and permanently accessible free of charge on the journal’s official website (https://esp.as-pub.com/index.php/ESP). Allowing users to read, download, copy, print, search for or link to the full text of the article, or use it for other legal purposes. However, the use of the work must retain the author's signature, be limited to non-commercial purposes, and not be interpretative.
Click to download <Agreement on the Licence for the Use of Copyright on Environmental and Social Psychology>.
How to Cite
Parents’ perceptions of sending their children to primary school during the COVID-19 pandemic in Dhaka North City (DNC), Bangladesh
Md Mahbubur Rahman
Department of Business Administration, International Standard University
Prothoma Anmol
Department of Business Administration, International Standard University
Md. Mizanur Rahman
BRAC Business School, BRAC University
DOI: https://doi.org/10.54517/esp.v9i3.1677
Keywords: parents’ perceptions, COVID-19 pandemic, primary school, field theory, qualitative method, Bangladesh
Abstract
Like other developing countries, the COVID-19 pandemic has seriously affected the public’s mental and physical health in Bangladesh. People, especially, in the country’s capital city, Dhaka, have suffered as a serious consequence of the pandemic in various ways, for instance, fear, stress, sadness, isolation, and loneliness. The study investigates parents’ perceptions of sending their children to kindergarten or primary school during the COVID-19 pandemic in Dhaka North City (DNCC), Bangladesh. The research employs several qualitative tools for answering the stated questions and objectives. Adopting a purposive sampling procedure, 30 informants from two wards were selected in the DNC area. We examine the “Field Theory” approach developed by Brager and Holloway to prepare the interview guide administered to these 30 informants. Apart from in-depth interviews, the study utilizes focus group discussions (FGDs) to obtain comprehensive data from them. The study reveals that parents have various perceptions about sending their children to school during the COVID-19 pandemic, making decisions based on psychological state, behavior patterns, quality education, and school safety measures. Parents feel insecure about sending their children to school as the institutional authorities are unaware of sanitizing the premises. As well, quality education greatly concerns the parents making such decisions about sending their children to school. The study recommends that the government, school authorities, and guardians take safety measures seriously inside the homes and the schools’ premises to help ensure children can safely attend primary schools.
References
[1]. Chiu TKF, Lin TJ, Lonka K. Motivating online learning: The challenges of COVID-19 and beyond. The Asia-Pacific Education Researcher 2021; 30(3): 187-190. 10.1007/s40299-021-00566-w
[2]. Rahaman S, Rahman M, Ali Reza SM, et al. Thank you, COVID‐19: Positive social psychology towards the new normal. Journal of public affairs 2021; 22: e2766. doi: 10.1002/pa.2766
[3]. Bhatia R, Khetrapal S. Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on health system & Sustainable Development Goal 3. Indian Journal Of Medical Research 2020; 151(5): 395.
[4]. Bae E, Bae S. COVID-19 pandemic, mental health, and play for young children during and after pandemic. Pacific Early Childhood Education Research Association 2022; 16(1): 93-112. doi: 10.17206/apjrece.2022.16.1.93
[5]. Shindaini MJA, Irin A, Rahman M, Afrin S. Assessment of mental health conditions among working class people during COVID-19: Insights from Dhaka South City, Bangladesh, International Journal of Public Health Science (IJPHS) 2022; 11(2): 518-526.
[6]. Siddiky R. Psychological and behavioural effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on students: A study on a selected public university in Bangladesh. Asia Pacific Journal of Educators And Education 2022; 36(2): 1-18. doi: 10.21315/apjee2021.36.2.1
[7]. Rahaman S, Moral IH, Rahman M, et al. Online learning in Bangladesh during COVID-19: Perceived effectiveness, challenges, and suggestions. Journal of Education, Management and Development Studies 2021; 1(3): 35-47. doi: 10.52631/jemds.v1i3.51
[8]. Rahman M, Shindaini AJM, Abdullah ABM. Provision of education to Rohingya refugee children in Bangladesh: Exploring the forms of discrimination and intersectionality. Asia Pacific Education Review 2022; 24(3): 433-445. doi: 10.1007/s12564-022-09770-9
[9]. Woodland, L. Smith LE, Webster RK, et al. Why did some parents not send their children back to school following school closures during the COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional survey. BMJ Paediatrics Open 2021; 5(1): e001014. doi: 10.1136/bmjpo-2020-001014
[10]. Zhan Z, Wei Q, Hong JC. Cell Phone addiction during the Covid-19 outbreak: How online social anxiety and cyber danger belief mediate the influence of personality. Computers In Human Behavior 2021; 121: 106790. doi: 10.1016/j.chb.2021.106790
[11]. Jothinathan TM, Lim CX, Wong TP. Primary school teachers’ implementation of inclusive education during emergency remote teaching in Malaysia: Findings from a small-scale study. Asia Pacific Journal of Educators and Education 2022; 36(2): 233-256. doi: 10.21315/apjee2021.36.2.12
[12]. COVID-19, CORONAVIRUS RESPONSE (2021) South Asia: Higher education. Available online: https://thedocs.worldbank.org/en/doc/7c0bd4243f0a1a90148a12e12631af6b-0200022022/ (accessed on 17 December 2021).
[13]. Hasan SS, Capstick T, Ahmed R, et al. Mortality in COVID-19 patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome and corticosteroids use: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Expert review of respiratory medicine 2020; 14(11): 1149-1163.
[14]. Daniel SJ. Education and the COVID-19 pandemic. Prospects 2020; 49(1-2): 91-96. doi: 10.1007/s11125-020-09464-3
[15]. Al-Amin M, Al Zubayer A, Deb B, Hasan M. Status of tertiary level online class in Bangladesh: students’ response on preparedness, participation and classroom activities. Heliyon 2021; 7(1): e05943. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e05943
[16]. Mahmud A, Dasgupta A, Das Gupta A, et al. Current status about COVID-19 impacts on online education system: A review in Bangladesh. SSRN Electronic Journal 2021. doi: 10.2139/ssrn.3785713
[17]. Dusi P. The family-school relationships in Europe: A research review. Center For Educational Policy Studies Journal 2012; 2(1): 13-33. doi: 10.26529/cepsj.393
[18]. Zhan Z, Li Y, Yuan X, et al. To be or not to be: Parents’ willingness to send their children back to school after the COVID-19 outbreak. The Asia-Pacific Education Researcher 2021; 31(5): 589-600. doi: 10.1007/s40299-021-00610-9
[19]. Brager G, Holloway S. Assessing prospects for organizational change. Administration In Social Work 1993; 16(3–4): 15–28. doi: 10.1300/j147v16n03_02
[20]. Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics. Available online: http://data.bbs.gov.bd/ (accessed on 21 May 2022).
[21]. Tabios Pawilen G. What do Kindergarten children need to know about COVID-19 pandemic? A Supplementary curriculum for Filipino young children during the period of enhanced community quarantine. Pacific Early Childhood Education Research Association 2020; 14(3): 23-44. doi: 10.17206/apjrece.2020.14.3.23
[22]. Wenham C, Smith J, Morgan R. COVID-19: The gendered impacts of the outbreak. The Lancet 2020; 395(10227): 846-848. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(20)30526-2
[23]. Mantovani A, Dalbeni A, Beatrice G. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): We don’t leave women alone. International Journal of Public Health 2020; 65(3): 235-236. doi: 10.1007/s00038-020-01369-4
[24]. Ramos G. Women at the Core of the Fight Against COVID-19crisis. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. 2020.
[25]. Khawaja KF, Sarfraz M, Rashid M, Rashid M. How is COVID-19 pandemic causing employee withdrawal behavior in the hospitality industry? An empirical investigation. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Insights 2021; 5(3): 687-706. doi: 10.1108/jhti-01-2021-0002
[26]. Boatca ME, Coroian A, Draghici A. A new perspective on musculoskeletal disorders–emerging ergonomic risks in the European Union and Romania. In: MATEC Web of Conferences. 2022. EDP Sciences.
[27]. Flin R, Patey R. Improving patient safety through training in non-technical skills. British Medical Journal Publishing Group; 2009.
[28]. Halberstadt Amy G, Lozada Fantasy T. Emotion development in infancy through the lens of culture. Emotion Review 2011; 3(2): 158–168. doi: 10.1177/1754073910387946er.sagepub.com
[29]. Wieber F, von Suchodoletz A, Heikamp T, et al. If-then planning helps school-aged children to ignore attractive distractions. Social Psychology 2011; 42(1): 39–47. doi: 10.1027/1864-9335/a000041
[30]. Inten DN, Permatasari AN, Puspita RD. Improving the intimacy in mother-child communication in the middle of COVID-19 pandemic through playing and reading activities. Pacific Early Childhood Education Research Association 2021; 15(2): 39-61. doi: 10.17206/apjrece.2021.15.2.39
[31]. Riazi N, Wunderlich K, Gierc M, et al. “You can’t go to the park, you can’t go here, you can’t go there”: Exploring parental experiences of COVID-19 and its impact on their children’s movement behaviours. Children 2021; 8(3): 219. doi: 10.3390/children8030219
[32]. Rahman M. Barriers to Providing Basic Education among the Rohingyas Refugee Children: Insights from the Kutupalong Unregistered Camp, Cox’sbazar, Bangladesh [Unpublished Master’s thesis]. Lund University; 2020.
[33]. Haller T, Novita S. Parents’ Perceptions of School Support During COVID-19: What Satisfies Parents? Frontiers in Education; 2021. pp. 1-15.
[34]. Sabani N, Istiqomah IW. The role of elementary school teachers in the implementation of online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic. Asia Pacific Journal of Educators and Education 2022; 36(2): 119-139. doi: 10.21315/apjee2021.36.2.7
[35]. Meghani A, Agarwal S, Zapf AJ, et al. Schooling amidst a pandemic: Parents’ perceptions about reopening schools and anticipated challenges during COVID-19. 2021. doi: 10.1101/2021.03.02.21252777
[36]. Hornstra L, van den Bergh L, Denissen JJA, et al. Parents’ perceptions of secondary school students’ motivation and well‐being before and during the COVID‐19 lockdown: The moderating role of student characteristics. Journal of Research in Special Educational Needs 2021; 22(3): 209-220. doi:10.1111/1471-3802.12551
[37]. Serrano-Díaz NS, Aragón-Mendizábal E, Mérida-Serrano R. Families’ perception of children’s academic performance during the COVID-19 lockdown. Comunicar 2022; 30(70): 59-68. doi: 10.3916/c70-2022-05
[38]. Lase D, Zega TGC, Daeli DO, Zaluchu SE. Parents’ perceptions of distance learning during COVID-19 in rural Indonesia. Journal of Education and Learning (EduLearn) 2022; 16(1): 103-113. doi: 10.11591/edulearn.v16i1.20122
[39]. Lee J, Choi IS, Lee SY. Experiences and perceptions of distance learning among early childhood pre-service teachers in Korea during the COVID-19 pandemic. Pacific Early Childhood Education Research Association 2022; 16(2): 275-291. doi: 10.17206/apjrece.2022.16.2.275
[40]. Li Z, Sharma U, Matin M. Impact of COVID-19 on primary school students in disadvantaged areas of Bangladesh. 2021.