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Published

2024-08-15

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Vol. 9 No. 7 (2024): Published

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How to Cite

Ebekozien, A., Ahmed, M. A. H., Aigbavboa, C., Thwala, W. D., Samsurijan, M. S., Malek, N. M., … Oke, E. A. (2024). Is the ancient city of Benin Kingdom a preferred tourist location? A qualitative-based study to achieving sustainable development Goal 11. Environment and Social Psychology, 9(7). https://doi.org/10.59429/esp.v9i7.2560

Is the ancient city of Benin Kingdom a preferred tourist location? A qualitative-based study to achieving sustainable development Goal 11

Andrew Ebekozien

Department of Construction Management and Quantity Surveying, University of Johannesburg

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4663-5592

Mohamed Ahmed Hafez Ahmed

Department of Engineering, INTI International University

Clinton Aigbavboa

Department of Construction Management and Quantity Surveying, University of Johannesburg

Wellington Didibhuku Thwala

Faculty of Engineering, Built Environment and Information Technology, Walter Sisulu University

Mohamad Shaharudin Samsurijan

Development Planning and Management, School of Social Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia

Nor Malina Malek

Development Planning and Management, School of Social Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia

Maslina Mohamed Shaed

Development Planning and Management, School of Social Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia

Emmanuel Ayodeji Oke

Department of Quantity Surveying, Federal University of Technology


DOI: https://doi.org/10.59429/esp.v9i7.2560


Keywords: Benin Kingdom, global cities, Nigeria, qualitative study, sustainable development Goal 11, tourism

Abstract

Studies on preferred tourist locations focus on developed countries and selected Asian cities. Many African cities like the Ancient City of Benin Kingdom (ACBK) have been grossly under-researched in global extant literature regarding preferred tourist locations and how they may improve achieving Sustainable Development Goal 11 (Goal 11). Thus, this study examines the attributes of a tourist location. Also, it investigates perceived barriers facing the ancient city and suggests measures to improve achieving the ACBK as a tourist location and, by extension, improve achieving Sustainable Development Goal 11 in Nigeria. The study adopted qualitative research and collected primary data via face-to-face interviews and observations of tourist locations. A convenient sampling technique was used to select 30 knowledgeable participants. The researchers analysed the collected data manually. Findings reveal nature destinations (historical/archaeological), natural attractions, ecotourism/wildlife, landform areas, prompt quality services, basic amenities/infrastructure, mangrove forests, and safety/security as the attributes of a global tourist location. Findings show that the sustenance of these attributes will improve achieving Goal 11. Also, the findings identified the barriers and recommended measures to mitigate them and, by extension, promote ACBK as a preferred tourist location and improve achieving Goal 11. This study reawakens the need for all-inclusive tourism planning management and marketing in developing countries.

Author Biographies

Andrew Ebekozien, Department of Construction Management and Quantity Surveying, University of Johannesburg

Senior Research Associate

Mohamed Ahmed Hafez Ahmed, Department of Engineering, INTI International University

Professor in Department of Engineering

Clinton Aigbavboa, Department of Construction Management and Quantity Surveying, University of Johannesburg

Professor in the Department of Construction Management and Quantity Surveying

Wellington Didibhuku Thwala, Faculty of Engineering, Built Environment and Information Technology, Walter Sisulu University

Professor in the Faculty of Engineering, Built Environment and Information Technology, Walter Sisulu University

Mohamad Shaharudin Samsurijan, Development Planning and Management, School of Social Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia

Professor in the School of Social Sciences

Nor Malina Malek, Development Planning and Management, School of Social Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia

Senior Lecturer in the School of Social Sciences

Maslina Mohamed Shaed, Development Planning and Management, School of Social Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia

Senior Lecturer in the School of Social Sciences

Emmanuel Ayodeji Oke, Department of Quantity Surveying, Federal University of Technology

Professor in the Department of Quantity Surveying

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