Biodiversity, tribal knowledge and life in India
Vol 2, Issue 1, 2017, Article identifier:
VIEWS - 1790 (Abstract) 1915 (PDF)
Abstract
Tribes are known for their close proximity with the nature all over the world. They use natural resources as part of their survival while protecting these as part of their duties and obligations. Thus the concept of nature-man–spirit is very ancient as both biological diversity and cultural diversity are directly related to the origin of many tribes in India who personify their origin from some plants and trees protecting them as sacred grooves. The present paper seeks a critical note on the relationship of biodiversity, traditional knowledge and rights of tribes in India.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
1. Bhat Ishwara, P. (2009). Law & social transformation. Lucknow: Eastern Book Company.
2. Chaudhry, P., Dollo, M., Bagra, K., Yakang, B. (2011). Traditional biodiversity conservation and natural resource management system of some tribes of Arunachal Pradesh, India. Interdisciplinary Environmental Review, 12(4), 338–348. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/IER.2011.043342
3. Chhibber, B. (2008). Indian cultural heritage and environmental conservation through traditional knowledge, Mainstream, vol. XLVI, No 25, viewed February 13th, 2016,
4. Convention on Biological Diversity (1992) Article 1. Objectives, viewed October 18th, 2016.
5.
6. Convention on Biological Diversity (1992) Article 10. Sustainable use of components of biological diversity, viewed October 18th, 2016.
7.
8. Convention on Biological Diversity (1992) Article 15. Access to genetic resources, viewed October 18, 2016.
9.
10. Graham, D., (1999). Rights resources and responses, in Cultural and spiritual values of biodiversity, United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), Kenya, viewed December 25th, 2015
11.
12. Fernandes, W., Menon, G., & Viegas, P. (1988). Forests, Environment, and Tribal Economy: Deforestation, Impoverishment, and Marginalisation in Orissa. New Delhi: Indian Social Institute.
13. Gene Campaign (2000). Indigenous knowledge in the Jhabua district of Madhya Pradesh, viewed February 9th, 2016.
14. Goyal, P. Traditional knowledge on plant conservation linked to beliefs and religious rites, viewed October 5th, 2016.
15.
16. Hoffmann, J. (1950). Encyclopedia Mundarica. Patna: Superintendent, Govt. Printing Press.
17. Herskovits, M. J. (1948). Man and His Works: The Science of Cultural Anthropology. New York: A.A. Knopf.
18. IFC (2007) ILO Convention 169 and the Private Sector, Questions and Answers for IFC Clients, viewed October 7th, 2016.
19.
20. Lucas-Schloetter, A. (2008) Folklore, In von Lewinski, S. (Ed), Indigenous Heritage and Intellectual Property: Genetic Resources, Traditional Knowledge and Folklore, 2nd ed. The Netherlands: Kluwer Law International BV.
21. Mahapatra, L. K. (1992). Customary rights in law, forest and the State, In Mrinal Miri (Ed), Continuity and Change in Tribal Society. Simla: Indian Institute of Advanced Study.
22. Ministry of Tribal Affairs, Government of India, Draft National Tribal Policy, viewed October 18th, 2016.
23.
24. Mitra, P. P. (2010) Hunting, biodiversity and right to livelihood in India, In Singh, S.K. (Ed), Environment, Law and Climate Change. New Delhi: SBS Publishers & Distributers Pvt. Ltd.
25. Mohan, B. (2007) Fallacies of Development: Crises of Human and Social Development. New Delhi: Atlantic Publishers & Distributors (P) Ltd.
26. Mohanty, B. B. (1997). State and tribal relationship in Orissa. Indian Anthropologist, 27(1),1–17.
27. Mohanty, B. B. (2005) Policy for tribal development: protective discrimination or discrimination protected? The Eastern Anthropologist, 58(1), 27–59.
28. Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights (2013) The United Nations declaration on the rights of indigenous peoples: a manual for national human rights institutions, viewed October 18th, 2016.
29.
30. Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights (2013) Indigenous peoples and the United Nations human rights system, Fact Sheet No. 9/Rev.2. Geneva: United Nations, viewed October 19th, 2016.
31.
32. Prakash, P. V. (2005) Sacred structures and their ethnoarchaeological and ethnohistorical significance. The Eastern Anthropologist, 58(1): 61–78.
33. Rai, B. K. (1966) Nature and man: A study of interaction between man and forest in Chotanagpur (Unpublished PhD Thesis). Ranchi University, Jharkhand, India.
34. Ratha, S. N. & Behera, D. K. (1985) Man nature relationship: Life in a Kissan hamlet of western Orissa. Man and life, 11(3–4).
35. Ratha, S. N. (2006) Forest-forest dwellers interface: Understanding man-nature relationship. The Eastern Anthropologist, 59(1), 1–13.
36. Ravishankar, T. (2003) Traditional knowledge and conservation of biodiversity for sustainable livelihoods by tribal communities in southern India, viewed February 10th, 2016.
37.
38. Rothermund, D. (1978) The coalfield: An enclave in a backward region. In Rothermund, D. & Wadhwa, D. C. (Eds.), Zamindars, Mines and Peasants: Studies in the History of an Indian Coalfield and its Rural Hinterland. (p.1–19). New Delhi: Manohar Publications,
39. Roy, S. C. (1915) Probable traces of totem worship among the Oraons. Journal of Bihar and Orissa Research Society, 1, 53–56.
40. Roy, S. C. (1917) A note on totemism amongst the Asur. Journal of Bihar and Orissa Research Society, 567–571.
41. Roy, S. C. (1925) The Birhor: A Little Known Jungle Tribe, Ranchi: Man in India Press.
42. Sahai, S. (2013) Indigenous knowledge and its protection in India. In Bellmann, C. & Melendez-Ortiz, R. (Eds), Trading in Knowledge: Development Perspectives on TRIPS, Trade and Sustainability. Routledge.
43. Shrestha, K., Shrestha, S. S., Rai, Y., Sada, R. & Shrestha, N. M. (2008) Study of sustainable biodiversity conservation: Knowledge of indigenous communities in Nepal, Final Report Submitted to National Foundation for Development of Indigenous Nationalities (NFDIN), Lalitpur, Nepal, Research and Development Group, Kathmandu, viewed February 11th, 2016.
44.
45. Singh, B. P. (2007) Dynamics of health culture among the Tharus. Madhya Bharati, 58, 177–185.
46. Singh, B. P. (2013a) Jurisprudence of human rights relating to health of indigenous peoples: A specific reference to tribal India. Indian Journal of Dalit and Tribal Studies and Action, 1(2), 34–48.
47. Singh, B. P. (2013b) Tribe, forest and law: the development debate. The Oriental Anthropologist, 13(2), 459–472.
48. Taubman, A. & Leistner, M. (2008) Traditional knowledge. In von Lewinski S (Ed.), Indigenous Heritage and Intellectual Property: Genetic Resources, Traditional Knowledge and Folklore, 2nd edition. The Netherlands: Kluwer Law International BV.
49. The Biological Diversity Act (2002) Ministry of law and justice (legislative department), viewed October 18th, 2016
50.
51. The World Bank Operational Manual (1991) Operational Directive, viewed October 18th, 2016
52.
53. Tylor, E. B. (1871) Primitive Culture: Researches into the Development of Mythology, Philosophy, Religion, Art, And Custom, vol.1. London: John Murray, Albemarie Street.
54. Venkataraman, K. & Latha, S. S. (2008) Intellectual Property rights, traditional knowledge and biodiversity of India. Journal of Intellectual Property Rights, 13, 356–335.
55. United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights, 1994/45, Draft United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples, viewed October 2nd, 2016
56.
57. Verma, S. K. (2009) Protection traditional knowledge in the SAARC region and India’s efforts. In Antons, C. (Ed), Traditional Knowledge, Traditional Cultural Expressions and Intellectual Property Law in the Asia-Pacific Region. The Netherlands: Kluwer Law International BV.
58. Vidyarthi, L. P. (1963) The Maler: A Study in Nature-man-spirit Complex of a Hill Tribe in Bihar. Calcutta: Book Land.
59. Vyasulu, V. (1984) Under-developing Koraput. South-Asian Anthropologist, 6(1), 63–71.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.18063/esp.v2.i1.93
(1790 Abstract Views, 1915 PDF Downloads)
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2017 Singh, B. P.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.