Open Journal Systems

How are emotional intelligence, happiness and psychological well-being applied in counseling sessions to the community in Malaysia?

Nurshahira Ibrahim, Mohd Lokman Sapiee, Nurul Diyana Sanuddin, Tugba Erhan, Faridah Che Husain

Article ID: 2785
Vol 9, Issue 8, 2024, Article identifier:

VIEWS - 58 (Abstract) 102 (PDF)

Abstract

The progress of the world today makes people busy managing work, household, schooling and social activities. These commitments and daily activities cause some people to forget that their emotions, behavior and thoughts might be at a dangerous level. The awareness of one’s own emotions is so lacking in attention that emotional stress, chronic diseases and the occurrence of arguments with people occur. For those who are aware of their situation, they will start looking for help and psychological support so that to achieve a state of well-being. Therefore, this study aims to examine the interrelationship among emotional intelligence, happiness, and psychological well-being in counseling clients at a non-statutory body in Malaysia. A sample of 284 clients participated by completing a questionnaire. The data obtained were analyzed using SmartPLS software to evaluate the content and test the research hypotheses. The analysis yielded several significant findings: Firstly, emotional intelligence is positively and significantly related to happiness. Secondly, happiness is positively and significantly related to psychological well-being. Thirdly, there is a positive and significant relationship among emotional intelligence, happiness, and psychological well-being. These results emphasize the crucial role of happiness as a mediating variable in the relationship between emotional intelligence and psychological well-being. Furthermore, this study provides valuable insights for organizational practitioners, elucidating the importance of emotional intelligence and happiness in enhancing psychological well-being. This study also provides new insights into managing clients’ abilities to control their emotions and develop happiness to achieve a prosperous life despite facing complex challenges.


Keywords

emotional intelligence; happiness; psychological well-being; counseling; community

Full Text:

PDF



References

1. Abdellatif, M. Training Program with Positive Psychology Techniques for Underachieving University Students’ Learned Helplessness and Psychological Flow. Information Sciences Letters. 2023, 12(8). https://digitalcommons.aaru.edu.jo/isl/vol12/iss8/22

2. Stevanovic, M., Nevalainen, H., Niska, M., & Weiste, E. Power Differentials in the Counseling Relationship: A Conversation Analytic Study on Goal-Setting Meetings in a Clubhouse Mental Health Rehabilitation Community. Group (New York). 2023, 47(12), 67-90.

3. Agrawal, G. (2002). Fiber‐Optic Communication Systems. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

4. Alshurideh, M., Kurdi, B., AlHamad, A., Hamadneh, S., Alzoubi, H & Ahmad, A. Does social customer relationship management (SCRM) affect customers’ happiness and retention? A service perspective. Uncertain Supply Chain Management. 2023, 11(1), 277-288.

5. Antwi-Amoabeng, D., Beutler, B. D., Chahal, G., Mahboob, S., Gullapalli, N., Tedja, R., Madhani-Lovely, F., & Rowan, C. Ensuring trust in COVID-19 data: A retrospective cohort study. Medicine. 2021, 100(35), e26972. https://doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000026972

6. Ardhiana, P., Warsono., Yoyok, S., Erny, R., & Heru, S. The effects of intelligence, emotional, rohani and adversity quotient on the graduates quality in Surabaya shipping polytechnic. European Journal of Educational Research. 2020, 9(3), 1075- 1087.

7. Arney, C. Nudge: Improving Decisions about Health, Wealth, and Happiness. Mathematics and Computer Education. 2015, 49(1), 69-70.

8. Ayob, N., S., M., Hassan, S., A., & Nordin, M., H., M. A local approach multicultural counselling in Malaysia. International Journal of Human Resource Studies. 2021, 11(4S), 287-306.

9. Rogers, C. R. (1951). Client-centered therapy; its current practice, implications, and theory. Houghton Mifflin.

10. Skinner, H. The drug abuse screening test. Addictive behaviors. 2013, 74, 363-371.

11. Banerjee, R., Banerjee, S., & Chauhan, S. Is The Psychological Well-Being Outcome of Happiness and Self Esteem? Journal of Organizational Culture Communications and Conflict. 2023, 27(S1), 1-9.

12. Bansal, E., & Kothe, P. A Study of Relationship Between Happiness Quotient and Emotional Intelligence Among It Professionals in Pune City. International Journal of Management (IJM). 2023, 14(6), 9-19. https://iaeme.com/Home/issue/IJM?Volume=14&Issue=6

13. Biswas, S. Relationship between emotional intelligence and happiness among young indian adults. International Journal of Research Publication and Reviews. 2022, 3(4), 284-289.

14. Gupta, J., Kaur, M., Jain, M., Srivastava, R., Gupta, I., Sandhu, GK., & Choudhary, AR. Happiness, a function of emotional intelligence: an analysis among dental students of Faridabad. Journal of Positive School Psychology. 2022, 6(6), 8971-8976.

15. Mérida-López, S., Quintana-Orts, C., Rey, L., & Extremera, N. Teachers’ subjective happiness: testing the importance of emotional intelligence facets beyond perceived stress. Psychology Research and Behavior Management. 2022, 15, 317–326.

16. Reddy, N., Y. Perceived Wellbeing, Happiness, and Related Challenges among Indian College Students. Psychol Students. 2023, 68(1),70–81.

17. Saldanha, F., et al. Psychological Well-Being and Happiness among Young Adults under the Condition of Lockdown. Saudi J. Humanities Social Science. 2021, 6(9), 327-333.

18. Gunderman, R. B., & Brown, T. Emotional intelligence. Journal of the American College of Radiology: JACR. 2011, 8(5), 298–299. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacr.2011.02.007

19. Goleman, D. (1995). Emotional Intelligence. New York, New York: Bantam Dell.

20. Wang, Y., Derakhshan, A., & Zhang, L. J. Researching and practicing positive psychology in second/foreign language learning and teaching: The past, current status and future directions. Frontiers in Psychology. 2021, 12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.731721

21. Suarni, W., Yassar, M. N. E., & Ramawati, P. G. S. (2024). Prosiding Seminar Nasional Psikologi” Menjadi Manusia Berkesadaran di Era Digitial”. Sanata Dharma University Press.

22. Ryff, C. Psychological Well-Being Revisited: Advances in the Science and Practice of Eudaimonia. Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics. 2013, 83, 10-28.

23. Wang, X., Li, X., Yin, Z., Wu, Y., Brain, L.J., Intelligence, University, T., Psychology, D., & University, R. Emotional Intelligence of Large Language Models. 2023, ArXiv, abs/2307.09042.

24. Azlan, A. A., Hamzah, M. R., Sern, T. J., Ayub, S. H., & Mohamad, E. Public knowledge, attitudes and practices towards COVID-19: A cross-sectional study in Malaysia. PloS one. 2020, 15(5), e0233668. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0233668

25. Van Zyl, L. E., Gaffaney, J., van der Vaart, L., Dik, B. J., & Donaldson, S. I. The critiques and criticisms of positive psychology: A systematic review. Journal of Positive Psychology. 2023, XX(X). Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1080/17439760.2023.2178956

26. Spielberger, Ch. (2004). The encyclopedia of applied psychology. Oxford, MS: Elsevier Academic Press.

27. Salovey, P. & Mayer, J.D. Emotional intelligence. Imagination, cognition, and personality. 1990, 9, 185-2 1 1.

28. Bar-on, R. The bar-on model of emotional-social intelligence (ESI). Psicothema. 2006, 18, 13-25.

29. Kang, H., & Kim, H. Ageism and Psychological Well-Being among Older Adults: A Systematic Review. Gerontology & geriatric medicine. 2022, 8, 23337214221087023. https://doi.org/10.1177/23337214221087023

30. Chow, L. S., Gerszten, R. E., Taylor, J. M., Pedersen, B. K., van Praag, H., Trappe, S., Febbraio, M. A., Galis, Z. S., Gao, Y., Haus, J. M., Lanza, I. R., Lavie, C. J., Lee, C. H., Lucia, A., Moro, C., Pandey, A., Robbins, J. M., Stanford, K. I., Thackray, A. E., Villeda, S., Snyder, M. P. Exerkines in health, resilience and disease. Nature reviews. Endocrinology. 2022, 18(5), 273–289. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41574-022-00641-2

31. Liu-Thompkins, Y., Okazaki, S., & Li, H. Artificial empathy in marketing interactions: Bridging the human-AI gap in affective and social customer experience. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, Springer. 2022, 50(6), 1198-1218.

32. Waal, F. D., & Preston, S. Mammalian empathy: behavioural manifestations and neural basis. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 2017, 18, 498-509

33. Prime, H., Wade, M., & Browne, D. T. Risk and resilience in family well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic. The American psychologist. 2020, 75(5), 631–643. https://doi.org/10.1037/amp0000660

34. Guan, Z., Hou, F., Li, B., Phang, C., & Chong, A. What influences the purchase of virtual gifts in live streaming in China? A cultural context‐sensitive model. Information Systems Journal. 2021, 32, 653-689.

35. Hoffmann, T. C., Glasziou, P. P., Boutron, I., Milne, R., Perera, R., Moher, D., Altman, D. G., Barbour, V., Macdonald, H., Johnston, M., Lamb, S. E., Dixon-Woods, M., McCulloch, P., Wyatt, J. C., Chan, A. W., & Michie, S. Die TIDieR Checkliste und Anleitung – ein Instrument für eine verbesserte Interventionsbeschreibung und Replikation [Better Reporting of Interventions: Template for Intervention Description and Replication (TIDieR) Checklist and Guide]. Gesundheitswesen (Bundesverband der Arzte des Offentlichen Gesundheitsdienstes (Germany)). 2016, 78(3), e174. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1600948

36. Harris, C., Switzer, E., & Gower, W. S. The Diversity Partners Project: Multi-systemic knowledge translation and business engagement strategies to improve employment of people with disabilities. Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation. 2017, 46, 273-285.

37. Wulandari, N. Brand Experience in Banking Industry: Direct and Indirect Relationship to Loyalty. Expert Journal of Marketing. 2016, 4(1), 1-9.

38. Ibrahim, N., Burhan, N., M., Mohamed, A., Mahmud, M., Abdullah, S., R. Emotional intelligence, spiritual intelligence and psychological well-being: Impact on society. GEOGRAFIA OnlineTM Malaysian Journal of Society and Space. 2022, 8(3),90-103.

39. Ibrahim, N., Mohamad, N. I., Sapiee, M. L., Sanuddin, N. D., Ismail, M. K., & Jaafar, A. B. The Influence of Emotional Regulation and Self-Motivation on Happiness and Psychological Well-Being during the Covid-19 Pandemic in Counseling Sessions in Malaysia. Resmilitaris. 2022, 12(4), 412-423.

40. Lomand, T. C. (2016). Social science research: a cross section of journal articles for discussion & evaluation. Routledge.

41. Sandhya, M., & Namrata, S. Development of the emotional intelligence scale. International Journal of Management & Information Technology. 2013, 8(1), 1252-1264.

42. Hills, P., & Argyle, M. The Oxford Happiness Questionnaire: A compact scale for the measurement of psychological well-being. Personality and Individual Differences. 2002, 33(7), 1071–1082. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0191-8869(01)00213-6

43. Ryff, C.D. Happiness is Everything, Or Is It? Explorations On The Meaning of Psychological Well Being. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 1989, 57(6),1069-1081.

44. Hair, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C. M. & Sarstedt, M. (2017). A Primer on Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). Second Edition. Los Angeles. Sage.

45. Henseler, J., Ringle, C. M. & Sinkovics, R. R. The use of the partial least squares path modeling in international marketing. New Challenges to International Marketing Advances in International Marketing. 2009, 20, 277-319.

46. Tolosa-Merlos, D., Moreno-Poyato, A., González-Palau, F., Pérez-Toribio, A., Casanova-Garrigós, G., & Delgado‐Hito, P. Exploring the therapeutic relationship through the reflective practice of nurses in acute mental health units: A qualitative study. Journal of Clinical Nursing. 2022, 32, 253-263.

47. Wang L, Ren J, Chen J, Gao R, Bai B, An H, Cai W and Ma A. Lifestyle choices mediate the association between educational attainment and BMI in older adults in China: A cross-sectional study. Front. Public Health. 2022, 10:1000953. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1000953

48. Samul J. Emotional and Spiritual Intelligence of Future Leaders: Challenges for Education, Journal of Education Sciences. 2020, 10, 1-10.

49. Ardhiana, P., Warsono., Yoyok, S., Erny, R., & Heru, S. The effects of intelligence,emotional, rohani and adversity quotient on the graduates quality in Surabaya shippingpolytechnic. European Journal of Educational Research. 2020, 9(3), 1075- 1087.

50. Gullo, S., Lo Coco, G., Leszcz, M., Marmarosh, C. L., Miles, J. R., Shechtman, Z., Weber, R., & Tasca, G. A. Therapists’ perceptions of online group therapeutic relationships during the COVID-19 pandemic: A survey-based study. Group Dynamics: Theory, Research, and Practice. 2022, 26(2), 103–118. https://doi.org/10.1037/gdn0000189

51. Hamdani, S. U., Zill-E-Huma, Zafar, S. W., Suleman, N., Um-Ul-Baneen, Waqas, A., & Rahman, A. Effectiveness of relaxation techniques ‘as an active ingredient of psychological interventions’ to reduce distress, anxiety and depression in adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis. International journal of mental health systems. 2022, 16(1), 31. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13033-022-00541-y

52. Tarvydas, V., M., & Hartley, M., T. (2017). The Professional Practice of Rehabilitation Counseling. Springer Publishing Company.

53. Day, H. L. S. Exploring Online Peer Support Groups for Adults Experiencing Long COVID in the United Kingdom: Qualitative Interview Study. Journal of medical Internet research. 2022, 24(5), e37674. https://doi.org/10.2196/37674.

54. Vich, M. A. Review of The book of joy: Lasting happiness in a changing world [Review of the book The book of joy: Lasting happiness in a changing world, by Dalai Lama, D. Tutu & D. Abrams]. The Humanistic Psychologist. 2019, 47(2), 201–202. https://doi.org/10.1037/hum0000106


DOI: https://doi.org/10.59429/esp.v9i8.2785
(58 Abstract Views, 102 PDF Downloads)

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2024 Nurshahira Ibrahim, Mohd Lokman Sapiee, Nurul Diyana Sanuddin, Tugba Erhan, Faridah Che Husain

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.