Editor-in-Chief
Prof. Dr. Paola Magnano
Kore University of Enna
Italy
Prof. Dr. Gabriela Topa
Social and organizational Psychology, Universidad Nacional de Educacion a Distancia
Spain
Vol. 11 No. 2 (2026): Published
Table of Contents
Open AccessResearch Articles
by Jinfei Liu, Xiugang Yang
2026,11(2);
44 Views
Abstract
Work alienation is an important problem faced by labor dispatch workers, as they are alienated and experience injustice in the present work system. The present research aims to identify the impact of work ostracism and organizational injustice on work alienation, as measured through a research conducted among 601 employees of the financial sector in Shaanxi, China, using a structural equation model. The mediating role of relative deprivation and emotional exhaustion, and the moderating role of psychological resilience, are also explored. The research findings suggest that work ostracism, along with the three dimensions of organizational injustice, sequentially predicts work alienation. The mediating role of relative deprivation and emotional exhaustion is also identified, as both factors sequentially mediate work ostracism, organizational injustice, and work alienation. Additionally, psychological resilience is identified as a moderator that buffers the outcomes of relative deprivation-work alienation and emotional exhaustion-work alienation. Theoretical contribution of the present research is identified as an understanding of work alienation through non-standard employment relationships, mediated through the dynamics of resource depletion. Practical contribution of the present research is identified as multi-fold, as it provides a variety of interventions at different levels to address the problems faced by organizations due to work ostracism, organizational injustice, relative deprivation, emotional exhaustion, and low psychological resilience.
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Open AccessResearch Articles
by Seema lrshad
2026,11(2);
79 Views
Abstract
Background: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that affects individuals of all ages. Although awareness of ADHD has improved in recent years, significant misinformation and gaps in understanding the disorder remain.
Aim: The current study aimed to determine the knowledge and awareness of ADHD in Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia.
Methodology: A community-based cross-sectional survey of Saudi people aged ≥18 years was undertaken utilizing an online, self-administered questionnaire based on DSM-5 criteria. Descriptive statistics, chi-squared tests with Bonferroni correction, and effect sizes (Cramer's V) were used. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS version 27.
Results: The survey was filled out by 385 people (62.3% of whom were women). Social media (32.7%) and higher education (31.2%) were the most popular sources of ADHD information. Agreement with DSM-5 ADHD criteria varied from 66.5% to 88.8%, showing overall good awareness. There were significant gender differences in information sources and treatment preferences, but the impact sizes were small to moderate (Cramer's V = 0.18-0.29).
Conclusion: The findings indicate relatively high awareness of core ADHD features among adults in Eastern Province, KSA, rather than substantial knowledge gaps. Gender-based differences highlight the influence of sociocultural and educational contexts on mental health literacy. Targeted, culturally sensitive awareness initiatives remain warranted.
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Open AccessResearch Articles
by Ming-Hsuan Wu
2026,11(2);
36 Views
Abstract
This study validates a "Dual-Path Nostalgia Model" at Kaohsiung's Qishan Old Street, comparing the effects of personal and historical nostalgia on satisfaction and support, mediated by perceived authenticity and place attachment. Based on 743 valid samples and analyzed via SEM, the model demonstrated an excellent fit.
Results indicate Personal Nostalgia is the dominant pathway, significantly enhancing both Perceived Authenticity and Place Attachment. Historical Nostalgia had a comparatively weak influence. Perceived Authenticity and Place Attachment positively affected Visitor Satisfaction, while both Satisfaction and Place Attachment drove Willingness to Support.
This study clarifies that existential authenticity (from personal memory) is a stronger driver of visitor evaluations than objective history. Managerially, prioritizing sensory cues that trigger personal memories, supplemented by historical narratives, is recommended. Avoiding "nostalgia betrayal" by aligning experiences with memories is crucial.
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Open AccessResearch Articles
by Lam Thi Le, Le Thi Thuy Nga, Bach Xuan Tran, Dieu Thi Thanh Bui
2026,11(2);
61 Views
Abstract
In the digital age, opportunities for direct contact with nature are increasingly limited, while scientific evidence shows that green and blue spaces offer numerous mental health benefits, such as reducing stress, anxiety, and depression, and enhancing social connectedness. This paper reviews studies on the relationship between nature, technology, and mental health, analyzing the dual role of technology as both a supportive tool and a barrier when overused. Findings indicate that exposure to nature, whether direct or indirect has positive effects, yet a balanced strategy is needed to optimize these benefits. Initiatives from the WHO and the Blue Health project provide evidence and practical tools for integrating health considerations into urban planning and community interventions. The paper recommends developing urban green infrastructure, reducing inequalities in access, and leveraging digital technology as a a complementary rather than substitutive pathway for nature experiences.
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Open AccessResearch Articles
by Krisada Chienwattanasook, Tanasak Wahawisan
2026,11(2);
46 Views
Abstract
This study investigates the causal mechanism by which leadership influences work performance, with a focus on the mediating role of employee engagement, a topic that remains underexplored in bureaucratic contexts. The research objectives are: (1) to examine the causal mechanism through which leadership affects public sector work performance, and (2) to explore the mediating role of employee engagement. Data were collected from 359 civil servants and government employees in tax administration agencies using a five-point rating scale questionnaire with rigorously validated measurement properties. Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) and a 5,000-sample bootstrap procedure were used to examine both direct and indirect effects as hypothesized. The results show that the structural model explains 61.8% of the variance in employee engagement and 64.4% of the variance in work performance, demonstrating strong explanatory power. Leadership has significant positive direct and indirect effects on work performance through employee engagement, with a high total effect. Employee engagement also has a significant positive impact on work performance. These findings highlight the pivotal role of leadership and participatory mechanisms in enhancing the effectiveness of Thailand’s bureaucratic system. The study contributes to both theoretical advancement and practical implications, providing evidence-based insights for leadership development, human resource strategies, and public sector performance improvement.
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Open AccessResearch Articles
by Umi Nazira Rafie, Norzanah Mat Nor, Shaliza Alwi, Muhammad Farhan Shuhaimi, Suriana Ramli
2026,11(2);
39 Views
Abstract
Workplace ostracism is theoretically conceptualised as a social stressor capable of depleting an individual’s psychological and emotional resources, often leading to heightened withdrawal cognition. This phenomenon, often characterised by feelings of social exclusion, may leave the profound thought of leaving the organisation. However, its influence in the academic environment, specifically among early-career academicians (ECAs), remains insufficiently explored. Faculty members’ responses to workplace ostracism often differ in the corporate sector, reflecting the dynamic nature of academia. Hence, the core purpose of this paper is to determine the relationship between workplace ostracism and turnover intention among ECAss by drawing on the Conservation of Resources (COR) theory. Using structural equation modelling (SEM), the findings reveal a negative relationship between workplace ostracism and turnover intention that is statistically insignificant. Although counterintuitive to prior research in general organisational settings, this result highlights the distinctive nature of academic careers and the resilience of ECAs. This finding offers an invaluable insight that ECAs possess a higher level of maturity, professional autonomy, and personality robustness, enabling them to disengage from ostracised colleagues or environment without allowing such experiences to dictate their career progression, research productivity, and academic achievement. Organisations should aim to create inclusive and supportive environments through positive psychology strategies to minimize the impact of ostracism.
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Open AccessResearch Articles
by Zhenlin Ning
2026,11(2);
94 Views
Abstract
To explore the effective bridging paths for consumers' "intention-behavior gap", this study constructs a theoretical model based on Value Theory and the Theory of Planned Behavior, with self-transcendence values as the independent variable, perceived behavioral control as the chain mediating variable, and the degree of intention-behavior alignment as the dependent variable. Four research hypotheses are proposed and verified through empirical analysis. A mixed online-offline sampling method was used to collect 428 valid questionnaires, and data analysis was conducted using SPSS 26.0 and the Hayes PROCESS macro program. The results show that: self-transcendence values have a significantly positive impact on the degree of consumers' intention-behavior alignment; self-transcendence values exert a significantly positive effect on perceived behavioral control; perceived behavioral control has a significantly positive predictive effect on the degree of intention-behavior alignment; perceived behavioral control plays a significant chain mediating role between self-transcendence values and the degree of consumers' intention-behavior alignment, accounting for 49.77% of the total effect.
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Open AccessResearch Articles
by Jian-Hong Ye, Yuting Cui, Weiguaju Nong, Yongjian Wang, Li Wang, Kun Zha, Xiantong Yang
2026,11(2);
118 Views
Abstract
Neijuan (内卷; involution) anxiety is a state or phenomenon characterized by defensive competition, chronic burnout and internalization failure. It is considered detrimental to the psychological well-being of the individual and those around them. It is especially prevalent in China where many teachers find themselves in an neijuan environment of extreme excessive irrational competition, which is not necessarily good for the work development and occupational health of novice teachers. As a result, relative issues have received much attention. Based on the self-regulation theory (SRT), this study adopted an anxiety-based self-regulation model to explore the relationships among self-leadership, neijuan anxiety, career confidence and teacher well-being. To achieve this goal, this study adopted convenience sampling and collected questionnaires via an online platform. A total of 536 valid data were collected (effectiveness rate 89.3%), including from 204 male (38.1%) and 332 female (61.9%) teachers. The data were then processed using the SPSS and AMOS software, and finally a research model was constructed. The study results showed that: 1. Self-leadership negatively predicts neijuan anxiety while positively predicting both teachers' well-being and career confidence; 2. Neijuan anxiety significantly negatively predicts both teachers' well-being and career confidence; and 3. Career confidence positively predicts teachers' well-being. This study innovatively conceptualizes “neijuan anxiety” as a maladaptive strategy, thereby enriching the conceptual framework of SRT. It also confirms that neijuan anxiety is detrimental to the well-being of early-career teachers, suggesting that teachers be helped to develop self-leadership styles to cope with challenges in their teaching careers.
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Open AccessResearch Articles
by Xinjian Zhang, Khunanan Sukpasjaroen, Aroonroj Boonkrong
2026,11(2);
66 Views
Abstract
Digital transformation has profoundly impacted the field of higher education. Under the pressure of this transformation, university teachers must engage actively in innovation to achieve breakthroughs. Through purposive sampling, this study conducted in-depth interviews with teachers from 24 universities in Guangdong Province, systematically collecting their cognitive, emotional, and behavioral manifestations during the innovation process. By employing directed content analysis on the interview data, the study systematically examined the factors influencing innovative behavior based on the Theory of Planned Behavior and Stress Management Theory, exploring the interaction mechanisms among these factors. The findings indicate that university teachers' innovative behavior is primarily influenced collectively by behavioral attitude, creative self-efficacy, perceived organizational support, and challenge stress, with challenge stress playing a critical moderating role in the process through which innovative intention affects innovative behavior. This research directly responds to scholarly calls for clarifying the mechanisms among influencing factors, effectively advancing the refinement and contextualization of innovative behavior theory in specific scenarios.
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Open AccessResearch Articles
by Shaliza Alwi, Masrina Nadia Mohd Salleh, Norzanah Mat Nor
2026,11(2);
49 Views
Abstract
Women-led rural tourism enterprises play a crucial role in fostering inclusive rural development in Malaysia; however, they encounter complex institutional and cultural challenges that threaten their sustainability. This study aims to examine the institutional and cultural constraints affecting the sustainability of women-led rural tourism enterprises in Malaysia and to explore the strategies women entrepreneurs employ to navigate and overcome these constraints. This investigation utilizes a qualitative interpretivist framework enhanced by AI-supported evidence synthesis to methodically examine peer-reviewed research and policy documents concerning women’s entrepreneurship in rural tourism. A comprehensive screening and thematic analysis were conducted on ten studies based in Malaysia, covering regions such as Kelantan, Sabah, Terengganu, Kedah, Perlis, Selangor, and Penang, to uncover barriers, resilience strategies, and sustainability outcomes. The findings indicate ongoing barriers to formal finance, disjointed and bureaucratic policy execution, and entrenched patriarchal norms that limit mobility, decision-making, and access to markets. Women entrepreneurs exhibit remarkable adaptability by leveraging Rotating Savings and Credit Associations (ROSCAs) and social networks, diversifying their products and markets, and strategically adopting digital technologies. By combining various theoretical perspectives, we present a cohesive conceptual framework that connects structural constraints to agency-driven adaptations and sustainability outcomes, specifically in relation to the Sustainable Development Goals 5, 8, and 10. The implications for policy encompass grant criteria that are sensitive to gender, microfinance options designed for informal enterprises, ongoing mentorship and capacity-building initiatives, as well as branding strategies that are specific to regions in order to enhance market reach. The study methodically demonstrates the potential of AI tools to enhance transparency and reproducibility in qualitative synthesis while preserving the role of interpretive judgement. The framework provides a foundation for tailored interventions and future longitudinal, comparative, and digital-inclusion studies focused on women’s rural tourism entrepreneurship.
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Open AccessResearch Articles
by Yi Zhao, Suwei Yin
2026,11(2);
81 Views
Abstract
Against the backdrop of short videos becoming the dominant medium for culture and tourism information dissemination, this study focuses on the dual mechanisms of regional stereotype reinforcement and group identity formation driven by big data algorithms. Employing a mixed-methods approach, through content analysis of 3,200 culture and tourism short videos, questionnaire surveys of 800 audiences, and in-depth interviews, this research systematically examines the interactive relationships among algorithmic recommendations, content production, and audience cognition. The findings reveal: First, culture and tourism short videos exhibit significant symbolic concentration characteristics, with natural landscapes, local cuisine, and folk customs accounting for 73.34% of symbols, while dramatized narratives and emotional appeal strategies are employed at rates exceeding 80%, providing a content foundation for stereotype reinforcement. Second, algorithmic recommendations drive content homogenization through information cocoons and echo chamber effects, with the content similarity index climbing from 0.342 to 0.891 within eight weeks and high-traffic content surging by 303%. Third, audience regional perceptions demonstrate systematic biases, with virtual and actual experiences differing by an average of 1.39 points in ratings, stemming from cognitive mechanisms such as availability heuristics and representativeness bias, moderated by identity backgrounds and media literacy. Fourth, group identity forms through three-level coordination: individual cognitive activation, group symbolic interaction, and platform technological support, with high-interaction users achieving identity strength of 8.62 points, accompanied by significant group polarization phenomena (polarization index increasing by 170%). Fifth, cross-regional interactions are driven by psychological motivations including self-esteem maintenance and uniqueness needs, manifesting diverse patterns of confrontation and cooperation across different contexts. This study reveals the deep coupling mechanism of technology, content, and psychological processes, providing theoretical foundations and practical insights for optimizing culture and tourism communication strategies and promoting diverse presentations of regional images.
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Open AccessResearch Articles
by Zhengying Yi, Enio MSK, Arnida Abdullah, Jingyi Cheng, Lu Li
2026,11(2);
69 Views
Abstract
Background: When determining the states and levels of teachers’ professional development (PD), motivation plays a crucial role in their continuous PD. Teachers’ PD motivation is dynamically influenced by a variety of individual and environmental factors. Many researchers have conducted empirical studies on the influencing factors of teachers’ PD motivation from different perspectives and aspects. However, there is no literature that systematically integrates these influencing factors and reveals the interaction mechanisms among them.
Aim: This study aimed to synthesise the influencing factors related to teachers’ PD motivation and management strategies.
Methods: This study used a systematic literature review to examine factors influencing teachers’ PD motivation and identify key influencing factors and the interaction mechanisms among them.
Results: This study found a few findings. Firstly, the influencing factors of teachers’ PD motivation can be divided into three levels: individual-level, environmental-level, and PD activities level (PD-level). Secondly, the school’s positive shared vision, goals, mission, and value norms are the key to the formation of teachers’ intrinsic motivation for PD. Thirdly, external environmental factors help teachers internalise external values as personal beliefs by meeting their basic psychological needs for competence, autonomy, and relatedness, thus forming intrinsic motivation.
Conclusion: This study examined factors influencing teachers’ PD motivation and how these factors interact to affect their level and nature. The findings have important implications for teachers, school leaders, and policymakers in supporting teachers’ PD motivation across career stages.
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Open AccessResearch Articles
by Mengjie Yuan, Ruolin Hao
2026,11(2);
89 Views
Abstract
This study focuses on the impact mechanism of cultural identity on the learning motivation of English major students in the context of English Medium Instruction (EMI). Based on the social psychological model of second language acquisition and multicultural interaction theory, this study designs a questionnaire on students' learning motivation and cultural identity. At the same time, it explores the impact mechanism of cultural identity on learning motivation through linear regression analysis. The results of the survey conducted on 351 English major students showed that the final overall average evaluation of cultural identity of sophomore students was 3.237, and the overall average evaluation of cultural identity of junior students was 3.202. The average evaluation of learning motivation among sophomores and juniors is 3.408 and 3.414. Regression analysis further showed that the impact coefficient of cultural identity on learning motivation was 0.67, with significance p<0.001. Based on research findings, EMI teaching should promote the coordinated development of students' cultural identity and learning motivation by creating a multicultural interactive environment, constructing inquiry-based classrooms, and integrating dual motivation guidance.
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Open AccessResearch Articles
by Jinglin Li, Xiaofu Pan, Cuiping Gou, Kexiao Liu
2026,11(2);
77 Views
Abstract
Working animals such as police dogs, guide dogs, and draft animals occupy an ambiguous position between indispensable tools and sentient partners, rendering their objectification a pressing ethical concern. Although philosophical work on speciesism and animal capabilities is extensive, the psychological mechanisms that inhibit or reinforce the objectification of working animals remain insufficiently explored. The present study examines how moral sensitivity, empathy toward animals, and perceived social norms jointly shape attitudes toward the objectification of working animals and tests a dual-pathway mediation model. A two-wave cross-sectional online survey was conducted with a Chinese community sample (N = 875), and data were analyzed using structural equation modeling with bootstrapped mediation tests. Moral sensitivity, empathy, and protective social norms each showed significant direct negative associations with objectification attitudes. Empathy and social norms partially mediated the link between moral sensitivity and objectification, with the social-norm pathway accounting for a larger proportion of the total effect. These findings suggest that resistance to the objectification of working animals is jointly driven by internal moral identity, cross-species emotional resonance, and the perceived strength of protective social norms. The study extends social-psychological theories of moral motivation and norms to the domain of human–animal relations and provides a theoretical basis for interventions that seek to reduce animal objectification by enhancing moral sensitivity, cultivating empathy toward animals, and strengthening protective social norms.
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Open AccessResearch Articles
by Hai Thanh Pham, Lam Thi Le
2026,11(2);
59 Views
Abstract
Vocational training and employment support for persons with disabilities (PWDs) are essential solutions for ensuring social security, enhancing self-reliance, and promoting community inclusion. In Bình Mỹ Commune, Ho Chi Minh City, social work has played an important bridging role in facilitating PWDs’ access to vocational training programs and employment opportunities appropriate to their capacities. This study employs a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative surveys of PWDs with in-depth interviews with key stakeholders, along with document analysis and field observations. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and content analysis, and the effectiveness of social work activities was examined from a rights-based social work perspective and a sustainable livelihoods approach. The findings indicate that vocational training and employment support activities have achieved several positive outcomes, particularly in promoting self-employment and household economic development among PWDs. However, these activities remain constrained by limited resources, a lack of job diversity, and insufficient engagement from the business sector, resulting in unequal access and benefits across different groups of PWDs. Based on these findings, the study proposes several recommendations to enhance the effectiveness of social work interventions in supporting employment for persons with disabilities at the local level.
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Open AccessResearch Articles
by Meng Wang*
2026,11(2);
66 Views
Abstract
Limited empirical evidence exists regarding the intervention effects of environmental education on adolescents despite the growing focus on sustainable development education in the global policy space. This study used publicly available data from the PISA 2018 database to analyze 2,847 students’ (51.7% female; mean age = 15.4 years) responses from 42 schools in China to investigate the effects of comprehensive ecological education programmes on adolescents’ sustainability literacy and environmental responsibility. Schools were grouped as intervention (n = 1,456) or control (n = 1,391) based on program implementation. To estimate the effects of the intervention, multiple regression and propensity score matching were used, with gender being investigated as a potential effect modifier. Students in ecological education programs demonstrated significantly higher levels of sustainability literacy (β = .19, p < .001, d = 0.47) and environmental responsibility (β = .16, p < .001, d = 0.38) than controls. The largest effects were observed for environmental knowledge (d = 0.52) and personal environmental responsibility (d = 0.42). Gender had a significant moderating effect on these outcomes. Female students showed stronger gains in sustainability literacy (d = 0.56 vs. 0.35) and environmental responsibility (d = 0.50 vs. 0.29). The findings indicate that comprehensive ecological education programs are positively associated with adolescents' sustainability competencies. Results were consistent in multilevel modelling, propensity score matching, and subgroup analyses. Educational policies focusing on ecology education at secondary level and gender differences in intervention responses need to adopt diverse pedagogical strategies.
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Open AccessResearch Articles
by Zhiqiang Sun, Peng-Fei Chen
2026,11(2);
85 Views
Abstract
Purpose: This study is to examine the impact of perceived university social responsibility (USR) on the volunteer service behavior of medical college students in Jiangxi Province, China, using the theory of planned behavior. The mediating role of volunteer service motivation is also explored. Method ology : Convenience sampling was used to select 700 students from 11 medical colleges in Jiangxi Province to participate in a questionnaire survey. SPSS and AMOS were used for statistical analysis. Findings: The results showed that University social responsibility had a significant direct positive predicted on volunteer service behavior ( β = .724, p < .001). University social responsibility also had a significant positive impact on volunteer service motivation ( β = .623, p < .001), and motivation further positively affected volunteer service behavior ( β = .428, p < .001), forming a significant mediating path. Implications for Research and Practice: This study enriches the application of the Theory of Planned behavior within the context of university social responsibility and medical education, extending the theoretical perspective on volunteer motivation and behavior. From a practical standpoint, the findings suggest that universities should integrate social responsibility education with professional training, refine incentive mechanisms for volunteer service, and design targeted programs to enhance students’ sense of responsibility and sustained engagement. These insights also provide valuable references for educational management and policy development.
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Open AccessResearch Articles
by Muzaffer Yassen, Wisam Ahmed Lefta, Khadijah Zuweid Khalif Mukhayt, Ahmed Mohammed Fahmi, Ghufran Waleed
2026,11(2);
41 Views
Abstract
International environmental law is a key mechanism for promoting sustainability, but ethical conflicts in legal regimes often undermine its effectiveness. This study is focused on how justice, equity, procedural justice and accountability impact factor treaty compliance, resource allocation, enforcement mechanism, and long-term investments for sustainability. Using a mixture of quantitative analysis and a qualitative discussion of case studies, the results show that treaties with strong ethical commitments have much higher compliance rates, much more equitable access to financial and technical resources, and much better enforcement mechanisms. The study also identifies inequalities in resource allocation; whereby high-income countries receive a disproportionate amount of environmental support relative to low-income countries. Moreover, the authorization of agreements and bills promote intergenerational fairness move resources away from long-term sustainability efforts, which are overruled by short-term political and economic agendas. The findings highlight the need for ethical considerations to be included in treaty modalities to ensure legal compliance, equitability, and universality. Sustainability-related inquiries addressing moral and ethical considerations can help to foster environmental governance in a globalizing world. However, resolving these issues will need more standardized legal entities, better monitoring of compliance and interdisciplinary policy evaluation approaches. The article involved rethinking ethical governance and it is also a call for future research that deals with quantifying ethical obligations, harmonizing international legal frameworks, developing alternative enforcement mechanisms.
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Open AccessResearch Articles
by Xu Han, Ngee Thai Yap, Fatin Nabila Binti Abd Razak
2026,11(2);
38 Views
Abstract
Despite sustained pedagogical emphasis on communicative competence, oral fluency remains a persistent challenge for EFL learners, particularly in task-based speaking contexts involving time pressure. While previous research has examined the effects of task planning on linguistic performance, less attention has been paid to learners’ psychological experiences during task execution and how these experiences interact with cognitive and linguistic resources over time.
This study investigates how three online task planning conditions—pressured online planning (POP), unpressured online planning (UOP), and hybrid online planning (HOP)—shape learners’ use of formulaic sequences (FSs), with a focus on both frequency and variation, as well as their relationship with working memory (WM). Ninety Chinese EFL undergraduates participated in an eight-week longitudinal intervention and completed dialogic narrative tasks at pre-test, post-test, and delayed post-test. Quantitative analyses examined changes in FS deployment and exploratory associations with WM capacity. To complement these analyses, stimulated recall interviews were conducted to capture learners’ perceived pressure, emotional responses, and strategic decision-making under different planning conditions.
The results reveal condition-sensitive and time-dependent patterns in FS use, with distinct profiles emerging across planning conditions. Interview data suggest that these patterns are closely associated with learners’ psychological regulation under task constraints, particularly their tendency toward risk avoidance, reliance on familiar expressions, and prioritization of fluency under pressure. Together, the findings highlight the importance of integrating psychological perspectives into the interpretation of task-based language performance and offer implications for the design of planning conditions in L2 speaking instruction.
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Open AccessResearch Articles
by Birong Xu
2026,11(2);
43 Views
Abstract
With the pervasive penetration of the internet, internet addiction among adolescents has become an increasingly prominent issue, posing a significant challenge to public health and the education sector. This study utilized a Scoping Review methodology to systematically examine empirical research on intervention measures for adolescent internet addiction in Mainland China published between 2015 and 2025. The primary aim was to analyze the types, theoretical underpinnings, efficacy, and maintenance mechanisms of existing interventions, alongside discussing their limitations and future directions. The review reveals that physical exercise interventions, family-based interventions, and group psychological counseling/therapy constitute the principal intervention pathways. All have demonstrated positive immediate effects in improving addictive behaviors and associated psychological symptoms, yet they differ in terms of long-term maintenance mechanisms and the stability of their efficacy. Furthermore, current research faces limitations concerning sample representativeness, intervention standardization, and long-term effect follow-up. Future research should prioritize constructing a multidimensional, collaborative intervention system that integrates family, school, community, and social resources to establish a comprehensive intervention network. This is crucial for enhancing the stability and sustainability of intervention outcomes. Additionally, emerging technologies, such as artificial intelligence and virtual reality, should be leveraged to innovate intervention models, thereby increasing the specificity and effectiveness of the treatments.
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Open AccessResearch Articles
by Baoyin Hu, Qistina Donna Lee Abdullah
2026,11(2);
71 Views
Abstract
This study explores how the cultural environment of the Jinan Spring Water Festival shapes individuals’ psychological responses and social behaviors, with particular attention to the mechanisms through which festival experiences foster long-term loyalty. Situated within a broader sociocultural context, the festival functions not only as a cultural event but also as a shared social space that facilitates emotional connection, social interaction, and collective meaning-making among participants. Drawing on a quantitative research design, data were collected from 200 participants to examine how perceptions of the festival environment influence audience engagement, communicative intentions, and subsequent loyalty behaviors. The findings indicate that positive perceptions of the festival’s cultural atmosphere and experiential qualities significantly enhance participants’ willingness to engage in word-of-mouth communication, which in turn strengthens their loyalty to the event. These results highlight the pivotal mediating role of word-of-mouth intention in linking individual psychological responses to sustained engagement. By framing festival participation as a socially embedded experience, this study contributes to the social psychology of cultural consumption and offers practical insights for festival organizers seeking to cultivate enduring audience relationships through meaningful cultural and social interaction.
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Open AccessResearch Articles
by Monruetai Intongsuk, Pashatai Charutawephonnukoon, Krisada Chienwattanasook
2026,11(2);
81 Views
Abstract
This study investigates the role of transformational leadership in promoting innovative work behavior among employees in leading Information and Communication Technology (ICT) firms. The research specifically examines the internal mechanisms of empowerment, knowledge sharing, and perceived organizational support. The participants included eight individuals – executives, human resource managers, and supervisors – who were interviewed through semi-structured, in-depth interviews. Data were analyzed using content and thematic analysis. The findings indicate that transformational leadership is a critical factor in stimulating creative thinking, providing opportunities for employees to demonstrate their capabilities, and cultivating a work environment conducive to innovation. It also enhances employees' sense of empowerment, autonomy in decision-making, and intrinsic motivation to improve their work. Additionally, knowledge sharing facilitated by organizational structures and culture, along with employees' perceived organizational support in terms of resources and well-being, significantly contributes to the development of innovative work behavior. Therefore, fostering innovation in ICT organizations requires inspirational leadership supported by comprehensive and sustainable employee support systems.
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Open AccessResearch Articles
by Qidi Sun, Hyuntae Kim
2026,11(2);
155 Views
Abstract
Urban forest environments are increasingly integrating controlled music playback; however, the interaction between natural soundscapes (NS) and their influence on tourists' psychological and behavioral responses, remains unclear, particularly regarding emotional resonance, nature alignment, and environmentally responsible actions. The research aim is to examine how the combined presence of NSs and artificial music (AM) produces synergistic effects, and how music playback moderates’ tourists' environmental empathy (EE) and pro-environmental behavior. Data were obtained through an on-site experimental questionnaire approach conducted with 250 tourists in forest recreation settings, involving tourists exposed to different acoustic conditions. Measurements focused on Acoustic Environment Types (AET), Music Playback Moderation (MPM), EE, emotional restoration (ER), soundscape congruence (SC), and pro-environmental behavioral intention (PEBI) captured using standardized rating scales. The analysis framework relied on descriptive statistics, reliability testing, exploratory factor analysis (EFA), correlation analysis implemented using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). The procedure involved comparing responses under three playback conditions: NS alone, AM alone, and integrated soundscape–music (ISM) exposure. Participants evaluated their emotional connection to the environment and willingness to engage in environmentally responsible actions following each condition. Results indicated that significant improvements were confirmed, which revealed a high mean score (3.65–4.07), moderate variability (SD = 0.61–0.76), Cronbach’s Alpha (0.887), and correlations (0.46–1). PEBI showed moderate to strong positive effects under harmonized music playback; mismatched music reduced perceived environmental authenticity. Overall, regulated music improves NSs, encouraging empathy-driven pro-environmental behavior and directing sustainable, delightful forest tourist experiences.
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Open AccessResearch Articles
by Zeti Suzila Mat Jusoh, Shaliza Alwi, Roslinda Murad, Nadiah Yusof, Nurul Fitri Mohd Noor
2026,11(2);
67 Views
Abstract
Humanitarian crises in Malaysia, resulting from floods, pandemics, and population displacement, necessitate effective logistics coordination to facilitate timely and efficient disaster response. Despite advancements in national disaster management systems, fragmentation remains evident among government agencies and NGOs, leading to delays, redundant efforts, and inconsistent operational practices. This research investigates the challenges associated with logistics coordination by empirically analyzing three fundamental dimensions: resource sharing, process synchronization, and operational standardization, and their effects on the performance of humanitarian operations. This study utilized a quantitative survey involving 593 practitioners from both governmental and non-governmental organizations. PLS-SEM was employed to assess the relationships among constructs including delivery speed, flexibility, service quality, and efficiency. Research indicates that resource sharing and operational standardization markedly improve performance, while process synchronization does not demonstrate a significant impact, underscoring deficiencies in real-time coordination and workflow integration. The model demonstrates significant explanatory power (R² = 0.757) and predictive relevance (Q² = 0.399), thereby affirming the robustness of logistics coordination as a determinant of humanitarian effectiveness. This study directly supports SDG 11 by enhancing disaster resilience, SDG 9 by promoting integrated systems and standardized operations, and SDG 17 by emphasizing inter-agency collaboration. The findings provide practical recommendations for policymakers to establish centralized coordination frameworks, digital platforms, and standardized procedures to enhance Malaysia's capacity for humanitarian response.
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Open AccessResearch Articles
by Zhihong Ju, Byambakhorloo Sukhbaatar, Minghui Li
2026,11(2);
43 Views
Abstract
Against the background of China’s accelerated green transition and the increasing institutionalization of ESG disclosure under the dual-carbon goals, sustainability information has become a salient cue in capital market evaluation while still operating under conditions of information asymmetry. Within this context, this study examines how ESG performance shapes firm value through stakeholder cognition and attention by incorporating insights from environmental psychology. Using an unbalanced panel of non-financial A-share listed firms from 2011 to 2024 (31,198 firm-year observations), fixed-effects regressions show that ESG performance is positively associated with Tobin’s Q. Consistent with environmental psychology, ESG engagement enhances stakeholders’ environmental cognition by increasing the salience and interpretability of sustainability signals, which in turn influences evaluative judgments and market responses. Mediation results indicate that ESG significantly strengthens green innovation cognition (LnGreen_inn), and this cognition is positively priced by the market; introducing cognition attenuates the direct ESG effect, indicating partial mediation. Overall, the findings suggest that ESG creates value not mechanically but by shaping stakeholders’ cognitive processing and attention allocation toward firms’ environmental responsibility and long-term growth quality in China’s emerging capital market.
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Open AccessResearch Articles
by Junchi Du
2026,11(2);
66 Views
Abstract
Purpose: This study investigates how feelings of energy poverty affect Chinese residents’ plans related to the adoption of clean energy by using the theory of planned behavior and conservation of resources theory. It considers how environmental concern and perceived behavioral control act as mediators for this relationship.
Methodology: Data was obtained from the Chinese General Social Survey of 2021 in collaboration with the International Social Survey Programme (ISSP) environmental module. A total of 2,187 adult participants made up the entire sample. Structural equation modeling was used to test the hypotheses. Additionally, Bootstrap mediation analysis was performed with 5,000 resamples.
Findings: Energy poverty perception had a significant negative direct influence on the adoption intention of clean energy (β = −0.14, P < 0.01). Environmental concern and perceived behavioral control both acted as significant partial mediators for the effect. The indirect effect via environmental concern was larger in magnitude (−0.091, 30.8% of total effect) compared to the indirect effect of perceived behavioral control (−0.064, 21.7%). The total indirect effect (52.5%) exceeded the direct effect (47.5%).
Conclusion: Energy poverty perception indirectly hinders the adoption intention of clean energy by reducing environmental prioritization and self-efficacy perceptions. The affective path was shown to have a relatively more significant effect.
Practical Implications: Policy interventions should cover the alleviation of energy poverty while also linking the benefits of clean energy in terms of health and economic gains to the shortage of resources.
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Open AccessResearch Articles
by Wan Mohd Al-Faizee Wan Abd Rahman, Shaliza Alwi
2026,11(2);
44 Views
Abstract
Rural water insecurity continues to be a significant issue, even with national advancements in the availability of treated water. Waqf-funded water initiatives represent innovative instruments of Islamic social finance that can enhance state infrastructure development. This research investigates the psychosocial factors influencing community engagement, governance, and sustainability in a Waqf Tube-Well Boring System project in Malaysia. A post-intervention survey involving 120 community participants identified six latent constructs: Knowledge, Attitude, Skills, Aspirations, Practice Change, and Community Participation, Local Governance & Sustainability. Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) was utilized to assess the measurement and structural models. The findings indicate that all five predictors have a positive and significant impact on community participation and governance, accounting for 33 percent of the variance. Practice Change was identified as the most significant predictor, followed by Attitude and Skills, highlighting the importance of behavioral adoption, perceived value, and technical competence in the sustainability of community-based water systems. The model exhibited acceptable reliability and structural fit for exploratory research, despite limitations in convergent validity. The findings underscore the significance of practice-oriented interventions, role-based capacity building, and narrative framing that aligns waqf values with community welfare. This study adds to the growing empirical evidence regarding waqf water systems, providing insights for program enhancement, policy integration, and the expansion of faith-based water governance initiatives.
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Open AccessResearch Articles
by Meng Duan, Lee Hoi Yeh
2026,11(2);
65 Views
Abstract
This study focuses on the important visual text "A Mirror for the Emperor", exploring how it transforms Confucian "rites" into social norms through visual mechanisms. Unlike previous studies that mainly remained within the fields of textual analysis or political history, this paper approaches it from the perspective of visual culture and etiquette dissemination, analyzing its unique value as a "visual etiquette mechanism". Methodologically, this study combines Panofsky's three-level analysis method of iconography, visual semiotics, and political etiquette theory to conduct in-depth interpretations of the three core images: "Appointing Talents for Governance", "Warning Stelae and Criticism Boards", and "Filial Piety Ascending to Heaven". At the same time, this study pays attention to its regional reconfiguration in Shandong, Henan, and Shaanxi, revealing the recontextualization process of these images in local academies, temples, and families. Additionally, this study draws on Cosmological Ethics and normative social psychology to examine how these visual symbols construct the paradigm of normative compliance. The research on Ming Dynasty etiquette images also confirms that the visual presentation of natural symbols reinforces society's understanding of "the harmony between heaven and man", thereby extending the political admonition consciousness to a widespread reverence for cosmic order and social order. The research results indicate that the visual mechanism of "A Mirror for the Emperor" mainly manifests in four aspects: Firstly, through elements such as postures, objects, and spaces, it constructs a stable visual grammar, making "rites" have systematic expressibility; Secondly, the images align with the political tensions of the Wanli period and become symbols of admonition; Thirdly, the regional re-production realizes the cycle of "central generation - local adaptation", promoting the diffusion of the ritual system in grassroots society; Fourthly, the visual medium transforms ethical norms into daily learnable postures, strengthening social integration. The academic contributions of this study can be summarized as four points: expanding the artistic history perspective beyond textual studies; emphasizing the cultural function of etiquette in visual communication; integrating iconography and etiquette theory to reveal the interaction mechanism between visual and power; and placing Chinese etiquette images within the academic discourse of global visual culture and cross-cultural comparison.
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Open AccessResearch Articles
by Jing Wang, Iryna Kuchynska
2026,11(2);
67 Views
Abstract
Public–Private Partnerships (PPPs) have increasingly become a strategic instrument for financing and operating higher education (HE) infrastructure and services. However, empirical evidence comparing the governance performance of PPPs in countries with distinct regulatory traditions remains limited. This study conducts a comparative analysis of PPP governance models in the higher education sectors of Ukraine and China, exploring the institutional frameworks, implementation mechanisms, and performance outcomes. Beyond economic and administrative dimensions, this paper introduces social-psychological variables—such as trust, collective efficacy, cultural attitudes toward hierarchy, and risk perception—as mediating factors influencing PPP stability and governance efficiency. Drawing on policy analysis, case studies, and semi-structured interviews, this study develops a socio-psychological–governance performance framework, providing both theoretical refinement and policy implications for sustainable PPP practices in higher education.
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Open AccessResearch Articles
by Yingxiu Hong
2026,11(2);
87 Views
Abstract
The VR tourism industry has a significant impact on the well-being of the elderly, and aging has become a pressing concern.This study aimed to investigate the factors influencing non-adoption intention to VR tourism among Chinese elderly people.The conceptual framework was established based on IRT theory. The relationships among various variables of usage barrier, perceived price, lack of trust, image barrier, perceived health risk, and resistance, non-adoption intention, and personal innovativeness were examined.The data were collected through online survey questionnaire. The population was the elderly aged 55 and above in China. A total of 465 participants involved in the survey.The statistical technique used in this study was partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM), which was performed using Smart-PLS 4.0.The results revealed that usage barrier, perceived price, lack of trust, image barrier, perceived health risk positively influenced resistance to using VR for tourism, which, in turn, positively influenced the non-adoption intention to using VR for tourism , Additionally, personal innovativeness moderated the association between resistance and non-adoption intention to using VR for tourism. This study contributes to VR tourism analyzing IRT theory among Chinese elderly people.This study’s findings provided guidance for the government, relevant tourism enterprises, and VR suppliers.
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Open AccessResearch Articles
by Suriana Ramli, Egbeyemi Olaide Kafayat, Noorziah Mohd Salleh, Shaliza Alwi*
2026,11(2);
52 Views
Abstract
This study examines the relationship between Green Human Resource Management (GHRM) practices and organisational sustainability in the Nigerian manufacturing sector, with a specific focus on the role of employees’ green commitment. Drawing on the Ability–Motivation–Opportunity (AMO) framework and Social Exchange Theory, the study investigates how internal HR systems shape pro-environmental behaviours and sustainability outcomes. A quantitative descriptive survey design was employed, targeting 234 employees from five established manufacturing firms in Lagos State. Data were collected using validated scales measuring green recruitment, green training and development, green rewards and compensation, green commitment, and organisational sustainability across economic, environmental, and social dimensions. Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) was utilised to assess the measurement and structural models. The results indicate that green training and development and green reward and compensation practices have significant positive effects on organisational sustainability, whereas green recruitment shows no direct significant relationship. Green commitment, however, mediates the relationships between all three GHRM practices and organisational sustainability, underscoring its central psychological role in translating HR policies into sustainable outcomes. The findings highlight the importance of systematically implementing green training, development, and incentive systems to enhance employees’ environmental competencies and motivations. The study contributes to the limited empirical evidence on GHRM in African manufacturing contexts and offers practical implications for managers and policymakers seeking to align HR systems with national sustainability agendas. It also identifies methodological and contextual limitations and proposes future research directions, including longitudinal and mixed-method designs and broader sectoral and geographical coverage.
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Open AccessResearch Articles
by Nian Xuchao, Mohd Fabian Bin Hasna, Noranita Mansor
2026,11(2);
76 Views
Abstract
Child-friendly environments are increasingly promoted in urban planning, yet many such spaces remain shaped by adult-centered norms and standardized safety principles, limiting their ability to accommodate children’s diverse physical, sensory, and developmental needs. Although Universal Design (UD) offers an inclusive theoretical foundation, its practical application in child-oriented environments has often lacked empirical grounding and decision-oriented evaluation tools.
This study explores how UD principles can be operationalized in child-friendly environments through a multilevel, mixed-method framework. Three public children’s spaces in Beijing, Shanghai, and Guangzhou were examined using sequential quantitative and qualitative approaches. Quantitative analyses combined Universal Design Evaluation Tools (UDET), spatial syntax indicators, and multilevel linear models to examine relationships between spatial characteristics and children’s behavior. Qualitative insights were derived from participatory observation, child-led visual methods, and stakeholder interviews, and were integrated using an explanatory spiral approach. Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA) was further applied to identify combinations of design conditions associated with inclusive outcomes.
The findings indicate that physical accessibility, sensory inclusivity, and risk gradation influence children’s engagement in distinct but interrelated ways. Spaces that simultaneously supported accessibility and sensory regulation showed substantially higher participation, particularly among children with disabilities and neurodiversity. Spatial configuration also played an important role, with integration, intelligibility, and visual connectivity shaping patterns of engagement and exploration. Rather than relying on single design elements, inclusive child-friendly environments emerged from specific combinations of spatial, sensory, and social conditions.
Based on these results, the study proposes a Child–Environment Fit Index (CEFI) to support evidence-informed planning and design decisions. The framework contributes to a more grounded understanding of how universal design principles can be translated into inclusive, context-sensitive child-friendly environments.
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Open AccessResearch Articles
by Dian Anita Nuswantara, Ika Permatasari, Susi Handayani, Yuni Khoirotul Abdiyah, Pharatt Run
2026,11(2);
35 Views
Abstract
This study explores the maturity and functional orientation of sustainability reporting (SR) practices in Indonesian local government entities, focusing on whether disclosures function primarily as symbolic managerial communication or as substantive, performance-based accountability mechanisms. Using qualitative content analysis of sustainability-related documents from the East Java High Court and the Banyuwangi Water Resources Agency, the study applies the Public Sector Sustainability Disclosure Index (PSSDI) to assess disclosure depth and orientation. The findings reveal a consistent pattern across both cases: SR is dominated by narrative and policy-oriented disclosures emphasizing commitments and compliance, while measurable targets, outcome-based indicators, and integrated performance evaluation are largely absent. Although both entities selectively reference global frameworks such as the GRI Standards, these references operate mainly as normative signals rather than operational measurement systems. The limited use of quantitative metrics, absence of external assurance, and weak integration with public-sector performance management instruments indicate that SR remains at an early stage of institutionalization. The results suggest that legitimacy-seeking behavior and normative isomorphism exert a stronger influence on reporting practices than accountability or performance imperatives. Overall, the study provides empirical evidence of the symbolic nature of SR in subnational governments and highlights the need for a context-sensitive, performance-oriented reporting framework tailored to public-sector settings in developing countries.
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Open AccessResearch Articles
by Xu Dong, Nur Ainil Sulaiman, Wahiza Wahi, Siti Shuhaida Shukor
2026,11(2);
63 Views
Abstract
This qualitative case study investigates how senior high school English teachers in China plan and prepare input materials for the Continuation Writing Task (CWT), a component of the National College Entrance Examination (Gaokao). Through semi-structured interviews and document analysis with three teachers, the research identifies four interconnected themes. Findings reveal that teachers’ reading material selection for students CWT writing is strategically focused on aligning with exam trends, ensuring thematic relevance, controlling difficulty, and stimulating student interest, primarily using narrative genres. However, they face significant challenges, including a scarcity of high-quality texts, difficulty mismatches, cultural accessibility issues, and balancing exam preparation with classroom engagement. In response, teachers employ adaptive strategies such as diversifying resources (e.g., textbooks, online materials, past papers), implementing tiered adaptations for proficiency levels, and building cultural bridges. The study concludes that effective CWT preparation requires teachers to act as critical curators, navigating the tension between standardized exam demands and the need to foster student engagement and writing proficiency.
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Open AccessResearch Articles
by Hongxuan Yan, Nurulilyana Sansuddin, Yutian Liao, Khairilmizal Bin Samsudin
2026,11(2);
57 Views
Abstract
Against the backdrop of medical tax reform and escalating doctor-patient conflicts, the workload of nurses in China has surged, with resignation rates rising year after year. Based on this context, this study draws on resource conservation, social cognition, and ecosystem theories to construct an intermediary model of ‘work pressure → self-efficacy → work engagement,’ and introduces social support as a moderating variable to establish a moderated intermediary model. In terms of sampling methods, stratified cluster sampling was employed to select 765 clinical nurses from first- to third-level hospitals in Province S, China, for a cross-sectional questionnaire survey. The study results revealed: first, work stress significantly negatively impacts work engagement (β = –0.170, p < 0.001); Second, self-efficacy partially mediated this relationship, with work stress reducing work engagement by lowering self-efficacy, accounting for 10.88% of the total effect; Third, social support significantly moderated the effect of work stress on work engagement, with social support significantly alleviating the negative impact of work stress on work engagement; Finally, the moderated mediation model holds true, with social support significantly moderating the first half of the mediation chain ‘work pressure—self-efficacy—work engagement.’ Specifically, when nurses receive higher levels of social support, the negative chain of work pressure reducing work engagement by weakening self-efficacy is significantly buffered; conversely, in low-support situations, this negative transmission is more pronounced. The findings of this study suggest that hospitals can effectively break the vicious cycle of ‘high stress—low self-efficacy—low work engagement’ by strengthening self-efficacy training and establishing blended online and offline support networks. This approach provides feasible strategies for stabilising the nursing workforce and enhancing patient experience under the DRG reform framework.
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Open AccessResearch Articles
by Wei Chen, Manus Kaewbucha, Chalisa Apiwathnasorn
2026,11(2);
48 Views
Abstract
The revival of the Hanfu with the modern China does not only signify the reinvention of traditional aesthetics but also the changing psychological motivation in the consumer decision. This paper combines the Kano model and the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to explore the interaction between functional requirements and cultural attachment to explore how they influence preferences towards Hanfu products in a systematic manner. To determine the categories of the attributes that have to be of quality, one dimensional quality, attractive quality and indifferent quality, a mixed method design was adopted to construct the weights of the attributes concerning their relativity to predict consumer satisfaction. Findings show that comfort, craftsmanship stability and pricing transparency are still considered the leading functional priorities and identity expression, cultural resonance and emotional symbolism are the high-weight attractive features. The findings indicate that cultural attachment amplifies the satisfaction effects of functional performance by transforming acceptable functionality into emotionally meaningful consumption experiences. The results of this paper highlight the complexity of the psychology of consumption of Hanfu by showing that consumer loyalty is an acquired process that is not based on utility but rather done in a synergistic converging process of cultural meaning and product experience. The research has made a validated assessment model of the traditional-culture fashion markets and offered viable information to designers, retailers, and policy makers who seek sustainable cultural revitalization policies.
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Open AccessResearch Articles
by Yiwen Cui
2026,11(2);
60 Views
Abstract
In the context of globalization and digitalization, museums, as material carriers of cultural memory and constructive spaces of social identity, warrant in-depth exploration of the mechanisms through which their heritage preservation and innovation practices influence social identity. Based on the perspective of cultural thought, this study employs mixed research methods and analyzes data from 680 valid questionnaires and 35 in-depth interviews, utilizing statistical techniques such as structural equation modeling and path analysis to systematically investigate the impact of museum heritage preservation and innovation on the psychological mechanisms of social identity. The findings reveal that: museum cultural heritage practices significantly promote the construction of historical identity, national identity, and civic identity through activating collective memory, disseminating heritage conservation concepts, and fulfilling educational functions (R²=0.508-0.587); innovation practices including digital transformation, cross-cultural exhibitions, and community collaboration effectively reconstruct social identity patterns through immersive experiences, pluralistic identity negotiation, and social capital accumulation (β=0.621-0.685); the relationship between traditional-modern balance and identity integration exhibits an inverted U-shape, with moderate balance yielding optimal identity integration effects (R²=0.627); environmental design elements influence identity experiences through mediating pathways such as emotional arousal, immersion, and place attachment, with mediation effects accounting for over 40%; individual difference factors such as cultural capital and visiting motivation significantly moderate the identity formation process (β=0.089-0.198). The study unveils a comprehensive psychological mechanism of "cognitive construction-emotional resonance-experiential internalization," providing theoretical foundations and practical guidance for museum functional transformation and identity construction practices.
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Open AccessResearch Articles
by Luyun Liang, S Maartandan A/l Suppiah
2026,11(2);
51 Views
Abstract
Although Generation Z in China is an obscure market with respect to their participation in the variety shows through social media platforms, this study attempts to sensitize the power of interactive capabilities to stimulate the participation as well as the real time involvement in Chinese Generation Z to the variety shows. Based on analyzing the articles in WOS and SCOPUS published between 2015 and 2025 using bibliometric data, essential trends in user motifs, media consumption, and their preferences regarding the platforms are localized. According to the results of the survey, the main reasons that induce the Gen Z population to watch variety shows on social networks are entertainment, socialization, and self-expression. Also, the paper notes the important role of user-generated content (UGC) and engagement mechanisms working in real-time (voting, commenting, and so on) in increasing user involvement and interaction. The analysis further proves that although young people both in China and western cultures are driven by similar motivations, there was still a strong difference in platform preference and content immersion in that Chinese platforms such as Douyin, Weibo, and Bilibili are more interactive than TikTok and Instagram. The paper can add to the knowledge of how social media platforms and variety show producers may become more attuned to the Gen Z behavior and offer insights into the theoretical implementation of Uses-and-Gratifications (U&G) theory into the environment of digital entertainment.
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Open AccessResearch Articles
by Duan Yao, Lily Suriani Mohd Arif
2026,11(2);
89 Views
Abstract
With global assignments emerging as a common aspect of the multinational enterprise, the capacity of the employees to adjust successfully to culturally diverse working environments has become all the more important. Cultural intelligence (CQ), which is a multidimensional ability that is defined as having metacognitive, cognitive, motivational, and behavioral dimensions, is commonly known as a prime predictor of expatriate adjustment and performance. Although the previous studies have focused on the conventional antecedents of CQ, which include international experience, proficiency in language, and formal training, the importance of social media as a digital channel of cross-cultural learning is not intensively studied; in addition, it is important to consider platform-related aspects of this learning. The present research is a study that examines the connection between cultural intelligence utilizing four dimensions and social media use among the Korean expatriates working in Beijing, using WeChat as the center of study. The survey data were gathered with the help of a quantitative cross-sectional survey design of 124 expatriates working in the Korean-owned companies. Measures of cultural intelligence were done using the Short Form Cultural Intelligence Scale and meeting social media was operationalized in terms of informational and socializing WeChat activities. Regression analyses indicate that the effects are differentiated. The belief in the use of social media demonstrates that it has a significant positive correlation with cognitive CQ (b = 0.45, p < 0.001) and motivational CQ (b = 0.414, p < 0.001): the use of the platform facilitates the acquisition of cultural knowledge and the motivation to engage in intercultural interaction. Conversely, the use of social media is neither positively related to metacognitive CQ (b = [?]0.012, p < 0.05) nor behavioral CQ (b = [?]0.053, p < 0.05) thus, the implication is that it has little impact on reflective cultural strategy and adaptive behavioral enactment. These results reveal that social media is more of an informational and a confidence-building tool and not a complete process of building deeper levels of intercultural competence. The present research contributes to the current knowledge regarding the role of digital tools in selectively facilitating the development of expatriate capability and emphasizes the significance of balancing the learning process based on social media with the use of structured interaction, feedback, and reflective practices by placing the inquiry into the platform-specific China-based context of CQ analysis.
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Open AccessResearch Articles
by Anas Azenzoul, Sara Nait Slimane, Maha Dridat, Rania Elouidani, Nacer Mahouat, Khalil Mokhlis
2026,11(2);
77 Views
Abstract
This study investigates the impact of CEO psychological traits on aggressive corporate tax behavior. It draws insight from stakeholders like auditors, tax administrators, and psychological experts in order to dive into the intricate relationship between managerial psychology and corporate tax strategy. It mobilizes the relevant literature, particularly upper echelon theory and agency theory, in order to uncover the main traits that affect this behavior and the other factors that shape this relationship. We analyzed the corpus using NVIVO software for textual analysis in order to find emerging themes and consensus among the interviewees. Three main thematic clusters were found: (1) psychological drivers, (2) cognitive processes, and (3) contextual factors. They explain how the decision to engage in tax aggressiveness is shaped through a process consisting of initial psychological traits, a process of rationalization that solidifies it and contextual factors. These results offer practical insights for the tax administration to incorporate these elements as variables in its risk assessment systems and machine learning models, enabling it to more effectively target tax fraud and evasion.
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Open AccessResearch Articles
by Fanfan Yang, Ayu Haswida Abu Bakar
2026,11(2);
51 Views
Abstract
Anti-Japanese war comedies have become a visible strand of contemporary Chinese screen culture, blending patriotic memory with comedic ridicule of Japanese invaders. Yet it remains unclear how audiences interpret this mixture of entertainment and nationalist messaging. This study examines how Chinese viewers interpret the anti-Japanese war comedy Hands Up! (2003), focusing on their intercultural competence, humor appreciation, and nationalist orientation. Drawing on intercultural communication and humor theory, the research explores how these audience traits affect responses to the film’s satirical portrayal of Japanese soldiers. The methodology combines a survey (N=250) using structural equation modeling with in-depth qualitative interviews (N=15). Results indicate that viewers with higher intercultural competence report greater appreciation of the film’s humor and more nuanced interpretations, whereas strong nationalist orientation predicts stronger alignment with the film’s patriotic message. Humor appreciation partially mediates the relationship between intercultural competence and interpretation. Qualitative interviews reveal that audiences both laughed at and reflected on the film’s exaggerations, showing an interplay of entertainment and ideological resonance. These findings highlight the complex role of humor in politically charged media: while the comedic dehumanization of the “enemy” reinforces nationalist narratives, viewers’ cultural competence can temper simple ingroup/outgroup reading. The study contributes to theory by linking individual difference variables with audience reception of visual political discourse. It also provides practical insight into how war comedies function as cultural texts in contemporary China. The research underscores the importance of considering intercultural skill and ideology in understanding media effects in nationalist contexts.
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Open AccessResearch Articles
by Beni Agus Sulistyo, Muafi Muafi, Ika Nurul Qamari
2026,11(2);
55 Views
Abstract
Radiographers operate in technology-intensive, high-reliability clinical environments where creative task performance (CTP) is essential for sustaining service quality, patient safety, and timely problem solving. Drawing on survey data from 197 hospital radiographers in Yogyakarta, Indonesia, this study examines whether Strategic Work Flexibility (SWF) and Quality of Work Life (QWL) improve CTP both directly and indirectly through Innovative Work Behavior (IWB), using PLS-SEM. The results indicate that SWF and QWL positively predict CTP (β=0.242, p=0.004; β=0.204, p=0.037), and IWB also has a significant positive effect on CTP (β=0.253, p=0.005). Moreover, SWF and QWL show significant indirect effects on CTP via IWB (β=0.085, p=0.039; β=0.110, p=0.005), supporting complementary partial mediation. These findings suggest that radiology organizations can strengthen creative task outcomes by institutionalizing strategic flexibility across task, temporal, and divisional dimensions while simultaneously enhancing QWL to stimulate everyday innovation. This study contributes to the healthcare workforce literature by clarifying the behavioral mechanism through which work design and work-life quality translate into creative performance in radiography practice.
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Open AccessResearch Articles
by Shujing Tang, Fengda Wu, Chenhao Zhu
2026,11(2);
38 Views
Abstract
This paper examines the cognitive and emotional positive outcomes of the music education and their implications to the mental health of students. To be more exact, it examines the effects of music education participation on such cognitive abilities as memory, attention, and executive function, on emotional regulation and mental health outcomes. Mixed-method design was used, where the total number of secondary school students was 200 with 100 in music education group and another 100 in control group. The cognitions performance was evaluated by using the tasks that tested the working memory, selective attention, and executive performance. The levels of emotional regulation were measured with the help of the Profile of Mood States (POMS) and Social and emotional competence questionnaire (SECQ) and the GAD-7 and PHQ-9 were used to measure the level of anxiety and depression. Results showed that the music education group did far better compared to the control in all the cognitive measures. In addition, students with music education group were more able to control their emotions, and less anxious and depressed. It was discovered that in the qualitative interviews, the students viewed music education as a means that can be employed to express their emotions and overcome stress. All these results indicate that music education promotes cognitive and emotional growth that it may be a possible intervention that may enhance the mental health of students. This paper reveals the need to incorporate music education into the school curriculum that will enable them to contribute to cognitive and emotional development that leads to the well being and the overall school performance of the student.
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Open AccessResearch Articles
by Qingru Yu, MARZELAN BIN SALLEH
2026,11(2);
41 Views
Abstract
With the rapid advancement of virtual reality technology, VR-based music experience scenarios have emerged as a novel consumption format, reshaping the contemporary music industry. Grounded in the Stimulus–Organism–Response (S-O-R) framework and the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), this study employed a mixed-methods design integrating a questionnaire survey (n = 450), in-depth interviews (n = 30), and VR experience experiments (n = 20) to examine consumer psychological mechanisms in VR music contexts. Results indicate that virtual environment perception influences consumer psychology through spatial presence, sensory stimulation intensity, and aesthetic quality, with sensory stimulation exhibiting an inverted U-shaped relationship with emotional arousal. Virtual social presence significantly affects consumption decisions, partially mediated by group belongingness and moderated by social comparison tendency and identity recognition. Technology acceptance demonstrates a “high usefulness–low ease-of-use” pattern, while immersive experience quality mediates the relationship between technological features and user satisfaction. Technical anxiety negatively moderates the link between perceived value and usage intention, with operational training reducing anxiety levels by 23.4%. The findings reveal distinctive psychological characteristics of VR music consumption—strong immersion, social embeddedness, personalization, and aesthetic orientation—providing theoretical insights and practical implications for VR product design, marketing strategy, and digital transformation within the music industry.
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Open AccessResearch Articles
by Lili Zeng
2026,11(2);
75 Views
Abstract
Psychological perception of water scarcity, despite its strong correlation with water-saving behavior, has not been explored within major behavioral theoretical frameworks. This study develops an extended Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) model incorporating psychological perception of water scarcity as an antecedent variable. This research paper investigates how scarcity perception impacts water-saving behavior by examining three mediating mechanisms: attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control. Additionally, it assesses the extended model's incremental explanatory power over the original model. Using data taken from China General Social Survey, this study uses structural equation model for path analysis and Bootstrap methods to test mediating effects. According to the findings, perceived scarcity is a significant predictor of all three main constructs of the Theory of Planned Behavior. The attitude path makes the biggest contribution as all three chained mediating paths are significant. The extended model demonstrates superior fit and predictive accuracy. This study establishes four specific objectives which include clarifying the theoretical positioning of perceived scarcity as a precursor variable within the behavioral model; outlining its specific psychological pathways to stimulate water-saving behavior; and providing targeted evidence for water-saving interventions. Policymakers must focus on effort on developing strategies that shape attitudes and enhance people’s self-efficacy to promote an overall shift residential water-saving behaviors.
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Open AccessResearch Articles
by Ruolin Hao, Mengjie Yuan
2026,11(2);
3 Views
Abstract
Purpose : This study investigates how two pathways-workspace quality and virtual support-influence the psychological resilience of remote freelance interpreters, testing whether physical and social resources compensate for one another in line with Conservation of Resources theory.
Methodology : The analysis uses hierarchical regression and includes data from 108 remote freelance interpreters from the seventh European Working Conditions Survey (2021-2022). For this study, workspace quality is categorized into physical environment and functional setup. Virtual support is emotional, instrumental, and informational. Psychological resilience was identified, controlling demographic and work-related factors.
Findings : The results reveal that workspace quality and virtual support independently predict psychological resilience (β = 0.36, P < 0.001 and β = 0.29, P < 0.001, respectively), with the combined workplace quality and virtual support accounting for 31% of the variance in resilience. Virtual support significantly moderated the relationship between workspace and resilience (β = -0.22, P < 0.01). A simple slope analysis reveals stronger effects of workspace quality when virtual support is low (β = 0.51) as opposed to high (β = 0.23), illustrating a compensatory pattern. Of the components, functional configuration has more effect compared with physical comfort, while informational support outperforms emotional support in predictive strength.
Conclusion : The study validates a dual pathway model, providing insights into resource substitution processes, thereby expanding Conservation of Resources Theory to gig work.
Practical Implications : Virtual social networking appears as a cost-effective strategy by which limited freelance resources can enhance psychological resilience, as opposed to investing in physical environments.
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Open AccessResearch Articles
by Dr. Hoang Ngoc Minh Chau, Dr. Tran Thi Anh Thu
2026,11(2);
66 Views
Abstract
This paper analyzes organizational citizenship behaviour (OCB) across Generations X, Y, and Z within the context of autonomous universities in Vietnam. The study surveyed 459 faculty and staff members from Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City, one of the largest public universities in Vietnam, using a multi-stage cluster sampling method. Employing exploratory factor analysis (EFA), T-tests, and linear regression, the study identifies significant differences in Loyalty-Based OCB across generations, with Gen X exhibiting the highest loyalty, followed by Gen Y and Gen Z. Furthermore, the analysis reveals that factors such as policy updates, foundational knowledge, and participation in decision-making have varying impacts on loyalty across generations. Based on these findings, the study proposes human resource management strategies to enhance employee engagement and effectiveness in autonomous higher education institutions.
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Open AccessResearch Articles
by Shixia Yang, Alexander anak Chelum
2026,11(2);
46 Views
Abstract
To verify the validity of the integrated "UTAUT2-SOR" model constructed in the previous study and reveal the influencing mechanisms of Peking Opera audiences' intention to use Kuaishou APP, this paper adopted the questionnaire survey method (N=516) and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) to systematically test the functional relationships among external stimulus factors, mediating variables and moderating variables. The results show that effort expectancy, social influence, platform characteristics, cultural identity and social interaction all exert a significant direct effect on Peking Opera audiences' intention to use Kuaishou APP, and meanwhile, usage attitude and user satisfaction also demonstrate a direct driving effect on such intention. The analysis of the mediating mechanism indicates that usage attitude has a significant mediating effect in the paths where effort expectancy and facilitating conditions influence usage intention, while satisfaction shows an obvious mediating effect in the paths where platform characteristics and cultural identity affect usage intention. The test of the moderating effect finds that Peking Opera exposure experience produces a significant moderating effect in all paths where independent variables influence usage intention, while age only exerts a specific moderating effect in the paths of effort expectancy and algorithm recommendation on usage intention. In addition, users' usage habits show an important moderating effect in the paths of 8 types of independent variables (such as performance expectancy and platform characteristics) on usage intention, whereas gender has no significant moderating effect in all paths. Based on the above conclusions, 12 practical suggestions are put forward from four dimensions, namely "optimization of operational convenience", "innovation of platform functions", "deepening of cultural identity" and "differentiated operation", with detailed specific implementation measures provided. This study offers empirical support and operable guidance for Kuaishou to improve the communication effect of Peking Opera content and enhance user stickiness.
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Open AccessResearch Articles
by Yulin Li, Ahmad Zabidi Abdul Razak, Syed Kamaruzaman Syed Ali*
2026,11(2);
103 Views
Abstract
This study aims to explore the characteristics of weight management stress among combat sports student-athletes in higher education and analyze how environmental factors from the perspective of environmental psychology influence their coping mechanisms. A mixed-methods research design was adopted, combining a quantitative questionnaire survey distributed to 150-200 participants and qualitative semi-structured interviews conducted with 12-15 stratified participants. Key findings revealed that competitive pressure and nutrition control difficulty were the primary sources of weight management stress, while adaptive coping strategies (e.g., seeking professional guidance) and maladaptive strategies (e.g., extreme dieting) were both adopted by the participants. Additionally, social support, institutional nutrition policies, and physical training facilities emerged as critical environmental factors affecting their stress levels and coping choices. Theoretically, this study enriches the intersection of environmental psychology and sports psychology; practically, it provides targeted insights for optimizing the support systems for college combat sports student-athletes to alleviate their weight management burden and enhance mental health.
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Open AccessResearch Articles
by Zhen Yang, Yong Zhang, Yusri Kamin, Yun Liu
2026,11(2);
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Abstract
The educational environment in China is experiencing profound change due to the incorporation of artificial intelligence, which was triggered by Education Modernization 2035 agenda and the AI+ Education Action Plan. Despite high levels of AI acceptance among Chinese students, psychological trust levels are weak, and this presents a paradox of students having an algorithmic authority anxiety when AI prescriptions differ from the instruction of the instructor. In this work, the Cultural-Calibrated Dual-Pathway Integration Model (C-DPIM) is proposed to examine the influence of psychological trust and motivation on learning proficiency in the AI-assisted learning setting in the realms of Chinese science and vocational education. It was a nationally stratified longitudinal cohort study that followed 2,847 students in 28 institutions in 12 provinces in the academic year between September 2024 and June 2025. The model was assessed using multi-level structural equation modeling, latent growth curve analysis and policy simulations. The findings suggest that AI transparency is an important predictor of Pedagogical Filial Trust (PFT) (β = 0.35, p < .001), and AI personalization is a predictor of socio-instrumental motivation in vocational education (β = 0.26, p < .001). Trust exclusivity is found in science students, as 62% of variance is attributed to PFT pathways, and motivation primacy is observed in vocational students, as 68% variance is attributed to motivation pathways. The effect of the Gaokao Corrosion shows that trust in the science students in the high-pressure dropped by 53.5%. The collectivist orientation increases the collectivistic orientation increased by 1.5 times but at the same time, it increases the trust fragility by 14 times in case of errors made by AI in the public eye. Simulations of the policy imply that an institutional co-signature would improve the learning proficiency with a standard deviation of 0.55 in the vocational settings. This study provides culturally recalibrated models of streamlining AI application in collectivist education systems across the globe.
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Open AccessReview Articles
by Yan Zhou, Bity Salwana Alias, Aida Hanim A. Hamid
2026,11(2);
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Abstract
Increased workload demands, organisational reorganisations, and post-pandemic changes have significantly changed working conditions in higher education in recent years, with significant ramifications for the job satisfaction of faculty and staff. In order to compile the most recent empirical data on the factors influencing job satisfaction among higher education staff, this study does a PRISMA-guided systematic review. Empirical research produced between 2021 and 2025 was thoroughly examined via an open procedure of database searching, filtering, and critical evaluation. The review categorises influencing factors into three integrative domains: context-dependent or moderating variables (e.g., institutional type, employment status, and national policy environments); negative influences (e.g., workload, job insecurity, and role conflict); and positive contributors (e.g., organisational support, leadership quality, and professional autonomy). By offering a systematic, theoretically informed synthesis that emphasises the conditional and culturally embedded aspect of work satisfaction in higher education, this review goes beyond just summarising trends and contributes to the body of knowledge. In addition to the under-representation of non-academic workers and different institutional settings, the findings show a concentration of evidence in particular national and research-intensive contexts. Although there are constant institutional levers for improving satisfaction, direct comparability is limited by variations in study designs and measuring techniques. All things considered, this review provides an evidence-based basis for future research agendas, organisational policy, and leadership practices, assisting in the creation of more equitable and context-sensitive methods to improve job satisfaction and organisational effectiveness in higher education.
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